Search (10 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

Offered as a discussion document drawing on the experiences of the Okapi team in developing information retrieval systems. Raises some of the issues currently exercising the information retrieval community in the context of experimentation and evaluation

Footnote

Contribution to a thematic issue on Okapi and information retrieval research

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Abstract

Explores interface design raised by the development and evaluation of Okapi, a highly interactive information retrieval system based on a probabilistic retrieval model with relevance feedback. It uses terms frequency weighting functions to display retrieved items in a best match ranked order; it can also find additional items similar to those marked as relevant by the searcher. Compares the effectiveness of automatic and interactive query expansion in different user interface environments. focuses on the nature of interaction in information retrieval and the interrelationship between functional visibility, the user's cognitive loading and the balance of control between user and system

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

Briefly reviews the history of laboratory testing of information retrieval systems, focusing on the idea of a general purpose test collection of documents, queries and relevance judgements. Gives an overview of the methods used in TREC (Text Retrieval Conference) which is concerned with an ideal test collection, and discusses the Okapi team's participation in TREC. Also discusses some of the issues surrounding the difficult problem of interactive evaluation in TREC. The reconciliation of the requirements of the laboratory context with the concerns of interactive retrieval has a long way to go

Footnote

Contribution to a thematic issue on Okapi and information retrieval research

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Abstract

The TREC experiments were designed to allow large-scale laboratory testing of information retrieval techniques. As the experiments have progressed, groups within TREC have become increasingly interested in finding ways to allow user interaction without invalidating the experimental design. The development of an 'interactive track' within TREC to accomodate user interaction has required some modifications in the way the retrieval task is designed. In particular there is a need to simulate a realistic interactive searching task within a laboratory environment. Through successive interactive studies in TREC, the Okapi team at City University London has identified methodological issues relevant to this process. A diagnostic experiment was conducted as a follow-up to TREC searches which attempted to isolate the human nad automatic contributions to query formulation and retrieval performance

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Abstract

Focuses on the user and human-computer interaction (HCI) aspects of the research based on the Okapi text retrieval system. Describes 3 experiments using different approaches to query expansion, highlighting the relationship between the functionality of a system and different interface designs. These experiments involve both automatic and interactive query expansion, and both character based and GUI (graphical user interface) environments. The effectiveness of the search interaction for query expansion depends on resolving opposing interface and functional aspects, e.g. automatic vs. interactive query expansion, explicit vs. implicit use of a thesaurus, and document vs. query space

Footnote

Contribution to a thematic issue on Okapi and information retrieval research

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

A novel and complex form of information access is cross-language information retrieval: searching for texts written in foreign languages based on native language queries. Although the underlying technology for achieving such a search is relatively well understood, the appropriate interface design is not. The authors present three user evaluations undertaken during the iterative design of Clarity, a cross-language retrieval system for lowdensity languages, and shows how the user-interaction design evolved depending on the results of usability tests. The first test was instrumental to identify weaknesses in both functionalities and interface; the second was run to determine if query translation should be shown or not; the final was a global assessment and focused on user satisfaction criteria. Lessons were learned at every stage of the process leading to a much more informed view of what a cross-language retrieval system should offer to users.

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Abstract

The paper aims to explore the concepts of interaction and interactivity presented in different theoretical models in the fields of human-computer interaction (HCI) and information-seeking/searching behaviour, and to relate these to information retrieval (IR) research. It is suggested that interaction in HCI is primarily concerned with establishing a user/system dialogue at the user interface and does not address the interactive characteristics of IR operational tasks. A distinction is made between general informationseeking models and information-searching models for computerised systems. The former are deemed to provide a useful framework for characterising interaction at the task level, with the structural relationship between tasks as well as the dynamic transition from one task to another being key features of the interactive process. Although the latter are all concerned with how searchers interact with IR systems, each of the models examined represents user interaction at different levels of abstraction. Taken together they provide complementary views of a highly dynamic process. Three principal aspects of interaction are identified and discussed: interaction within and across tasks; the notion of interaction as task sharing; and interaction as a discourse. In conclusion the adoption of an interaction paradigm for IR research is advocated and examples of empirical work for supporting interactive searching and retrieval are provided.

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Abstract

The ENQUIRE project forms part of a series of investigations on query expansion in the Okapi experimental text retrieval system. A configurable user interface was implemented as an evaluative tool and tested in two locations on two different databases: the library catalogue of The London Business SChool and the computing section of INSPEC. The system offered a range of possible strategies based on thesaural terms for reformulating queries. These could be initiated automatically by the system or interactively with the user. The formative phase of the evaluation established the appropriateness and usability of the interface as well as users' perceptions of the underlying functionality. The aim of the large scale field trial was to determine to what extent user would select thesaural terms suggested by the system to reformulate queries, and to evaluate the effectiveness of a new dynamic form of query expansion implemented for this project

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

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Abstract

This report presents a case study of the development of an interface for a novel and complex form of document retrieval: searching for texts written in foreign languages based on native language queries. Although the underlying technology for achieving such a search is relatively weIl understood, the appropriate interface design is not. A study involving users from the beginning of the design process is described, and it covers initial examination of user needs and tasks, preliminary design and testing of interface components, building, testing, and refining the interface, and, finally, conducting usability tests of the system. Lessons are learned at every stage of the process, leading to a much more informed view of how such an interface should be built.