Search (80 results, page 1 of 4)

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Abstract

Propopses a Web-based architecture for searching distributed heterogeneous multi-asian language bibliographic sources, and describes a successful pilot implementation of the system at the Chinese Library (CLib) system developed in Singapore and tested at 2 university libraries and a public library

Date

1. 8.1996 22:08:06

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Content

Vortrag anlässlich des Workshops: "Extending the multilingual capacity of The European Library in the EDL project Stockholm, Swedish National Library, 22-23 November 2007".

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Abstract

This poster explores the customization of DSpace to allow the use of the AGRIS Application Profile metadata standard and the AGROVOC thesaurus. The objective is the adaptation of DSpace, through the least invasive code changes either in the form of plug-ins or add-ons, to the specific needs of the Agricultural Sciences and Technology community. Metadata standards such as AGRIS AP, and Knowledge Organization Systems such as the AGROVOC thesaurus, provide mechanisms for sharing information in a standardized manner by recommending the use of common semantics and interoperable syntax (Subirats et al., 2007). AGRIS AP was created to enhance the description, exchange and subsequent retrieval of agricultural Document-like Information Objects (DLIOs). It is a metadata schema which draws from Metadata standards such as Dublin Core (DC), the Australian Government Locator Service Metadata (AGLS) and the Agricultural Metadata Element Set (AgMES) namespaces. It allows sharing of information across dispersed bibliographic systems (FAO, 2005). AGROVOC68 is a multilingual structured thesaurus covering agricultural and related domains. Its main role is to standardize the indexing process in order to make searching simpler and more efficient. AGROVOC is developed by FAO (Lauser et al., 2006). The customization of the DSpace is taking place in several phases. First, the AGRIS AP metadata schema was mapped onto the metadata DSpace model, with several enhancements implemented to support AGRIS AP elements. Next, AGROVOC will be integrated as a controlled vocabulary accessed through a local SKOS or OWL file. Eventually the system will be configurable to access AGROVOC through local files or remotely via webservices. Finally, spell checking and tooltips will be incorporated in the user interface to support metadata editing. Adapting DSpace to support AGRIS AP and annotation using the semantically-rich AGROVOC thesaurus transform DSpace into a powerful, domain-specific system for annotation and exchange of bibliographic metadata in the agricultural domain.

Source

Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas

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Abstract

The automation of Bucharest University Central Library involved the compilation of a dictionary of terms to facilitate postcoordinated searching in accordance with the UDC notation attached to every bibliographic record. Describes the project and demonstrates why a multilingual UDC based thesaurus is considered as ideal indexing and searching tool. The experiment, which applied to Class 8 of UDC (Linguisitcs and Literature), illustrates how all UDC tables can be successfully used to build a thesaurus and the ways in which their limitations can be overcome by a thesaurus

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Abstract

Once the library has been through a process of transition from traditional library procedures to automated ones, natural language searching became a necessity for both indexers and searchers. Therefore, aside from the precoordinated classified catalogue we started to build a dictionary of terms in order to make postcoordinate search possible in keeping with the UDC notations assigned to each bibliographic record. After a while we came to the conclusion that the dictionary needed a control of its terms so that synonymous concepts and semantic ambuguities be avoided. The project presented in this paper shows how reality imposed the improvement of the quality of indexing and hence of the searching possibilities. Is also shows the reasons why we consider a multilingual thesaurus based on UDC an ideal indexing and searching device. The experiment applied on class 8 of UDC illustrates the way the UDC tables can be quite successfully used in building a thesaurus due to their qulities and how their limitations can be overcome by a thesaurus. An appendix to the paper contains a sample of the multilingual thesaurus given in both alphabetical and systematic layouts

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Abstract

In this paper, after an introduction about problems of multilingual information languages, the rules and recommendations of the Guidelines for the establishment and development of multilingual thesauri for non-equivalence and partial equivalence of terms in different languages are discussed. Artificial terms are not very useful in searching, because most users are not willing to use a thesaurus to find the right descriptor. On the other hand indexers need guidance on how to index and therefore need a thesaurus with all desirable and necessary relations. It is suggested that bibliographic online systems can take over some of the functions for the searcher from the thesaurus and that a few new relations could be helpful to an indexer

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Abstract

In order to enhance the use of Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) numbers in information retrieval, the authors have represented classification with multilingual thesaurus descriptors and implemented this solution in an automated way. The authors illustrate a solution implemented in a BiblioPhil library system. The standard formats used are UNIMARC for subject authority records (i.e. the UDC-based multilingual thesaurus) and MARC XML support for data transfer. The multilingual thesaurus was built according to existing standards, the constituent parts of the classification notations being used as the basis for search terms in the multilingual information retrieval. The verbal equivalents, descriptors and non-descriptors, are used to expand the number of concepts and are given in Romanian, English and French. This approach saves the time of the indexer and provides more user-friendly and easier access to the bibliographic information. The multilingual aspect of the thesaurus enhances information access for a greater number of online users

Date

22. 7.2010 20:40:56

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Abstract

The case under consideration is a project of building an interdisciplinary multilingual thesaurus (Romanian-English-French) starting from a list of indexing terms based on an abridged version of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC). The resulting thesaurus is intended for public libraries for both indexing and searching purposes in bibliographic databases covering a wide range of topics but with a fairly low level of specificity. The problems encountered in such an approach fall into two groups: 1) concordance or compatibility problems in terms of the indexing languages considered (between a classification system and a thesaurus); 2) equivalence and, hence, translatability problems in terms of the natural languages involved. Additionally, the question of ambiguity given the co-occurrence of terms in more than one class, will be discussed with reference to homographs and polysemantic words. In a thesaurus with such a wide coverage yet with a low specificity level, the method adopted in the thesaurus construction was to provide as many lead-in terms as possible and post them up to the closest in meaning broader term in order to improve the recall ratio

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Abstract

In this paper the possibilities for a multilingual thesaurus in which not all descriptors in a given language have equivalent descriptors in all other languages and in which the hierarchical structure can have variations in the different languages and a small model of such a thesaurus is given. lt is argued that the searching possibilities that more recent programs for bibliographic databases offer make such non-identical thesauri possible.

Content

"1. Introduction Multilingual and crosslingual access to information is receiving more and more attention. Maybe the most important reason for this development is the Internet. There are estimations that about half of its users are people with a mother tongue other than English and that this proportion is growing. Crosslingual access in this context means the possibility to get free text access to information using another (natural) language than the language of the information itself. This type of access is important for users with a good passive knowledge of a language but with only a small active vocabulary of the same language, e.g. a Englishman who can read Russian, but has difficulties in formulating adequate search request in that language. Crosslingual access can also be valuable for monolingual users who can automatically or manually have translations of foreign language documents. The search requests will be translated or converted into the language of the information. Multilingual access assumes that the instruments used for access, the controlled information languages, are available in more than one language. An classic example is the Englishman who uses his English edition of the Universal Decimal Classification to search the catalogue of a library in China, although the classification of the library is done using a Chinese edition. In this case the searching and the classifying results in a notation that is the same irrespective which language edition was used for indexing. Another possibility is the use of a multilingual thesaurus or subject headings list, such the trilingual edition of the Library of Congress Subject Headings built at the Royal Library in Brussels (Belgium) or the Macrothesaurus of the OECD. Here, words are the access points - in one language into which each search request will be converted, or, alternatively, into all the languages involved. Multilingual information languages and guidelines an how to build them are the subject of this paper. Particular attention will be paid to multilingual thesauri."

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Abstract

Language barrier is the major problem that people face in searching for, retrieving, and understanding multilingual collections on the Internet. This paper deals with query translation and document translation in a Chinese-English information retrieval system called MTIR. Bilingual dictionary and monolingual corpus-based approaches are adopted to select suitable tranlated query terms. A machine transliteration algorithm is introduced to resolve proper name searching. We consider several design issues for document translation, including which material is translated, what roles the HTML tags play in translation, what the tradeoff is between the speed performance and the translation performance, and what from the translated result is presented in. About 100.000 Web pages translated in the last 4 months of 1997 are used for quantitative study of online and real-time Web page translation

Date

16. 2.2000 14:22:39

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Abstract

Describes the activities of the National Bibliographic Service, UK, in developing national bibliographies on CD-ROM. The key aims of the project, partly funded by the Commission of the European Communities under its IMPACT programme, are: to promote better and easier access to European and national bibliographies; to promote economies in library cataloguing through improved interchange of bibliographic records between European (and non European) national libraries, irrespective of differing national MARC formats; and to develop shared approaches to strategies, applications and formats for bibliographic data on CD-ROM. Notes the involvement of 7 national libraries and describes: CD-ROM retrieval interface; MARC conversions; character sets; multilingual interface; links to online systems; links to local library systems; menu systems and compatibility; the Pilot CD-ROM database; and framework for exchange of bibliographic records

Source

International cataloguing and bibliographic control. 23(1994) no.1, S.15-18

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Footnote

Vortrag, IFLA General Conference, Divison IV Bibliographic Control, Jerusalem, 2000

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Footnote

Vortrag, IFLA General Conference, Divison IV Bibliographic Control, Jerusalem, 2000

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Source

International cataloguing and bibliographic control. 29(2000) no.3, S.43-45

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Source

International cataloguing and bibliographic control. 30(2001) no.3, S.46-49

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Content

Backgrund to the study: The question of multilingual access to bibliographic databases affects not only searchers in countries in which several languages are spoken such as Switzerland, but also all those who search material in databases containing material in more than one language, which is the case in the majority of scientific or research databases. he growth of networks means that we can easily access catalogues outside our own immediate circle - in another town, another country, another continent. In doing so we encounter problems concerning not only search interfaces, but also concerning subject access or even author access in another language. In France for example, each document, independently of the language in which it has been written, is indexed using a French-language subject heading language. Thus, in order to search by subject headings for documents written in English or German, held in the Bibliothèque nationale de France, the researcher from abroad has to master the French language. In theory, the indexer should be able to analyse a document and assign headings in his/her native language, while the user should be able to search in his/her native language. The language of the document itself should have no influence on the language of the subject heading language used for indexing nor on the language used for searching. (Practically speaking of course, there are restrictions, since there is a limit to the number of languages in which subject headings languages could be maintained and thus in which the user may search.) In the example below, we are concerned with three languages: German, French and English. If we can imagine a system in which there are equivalents among subject headings in these three languages, the following scenario may be envisaged: a German-speaking indexer will use German-language subject headings to index all the documents received, regardless of the language in which they are written. The user may search for these documents by entering subject headings in German, but also in French or in English, thanks to the equivalents that have been established, in French or in English without the necessity to know the other languages or the structure of the other SHLs. Ideally, this approach should not be confined to one database, but would allow the different databases to be brought together in virtual system: an English-speaking user in London should be able to search the database of the Deutsche Bibliothek in Frankfurt using English-language headings, and retrieving documents which have been indexed using the German subject headings' list.

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Abstract

Subject-based retrieval in distributed resources is a current problem in online searches for bibliographic references. Building portals to similar resources is only the ferst step, the subsequent navigation via different search interfaces presents certain difficulties. To make retrieval easier it is necessary to adapt these different resources. Potential approaches (standardisation as opposed to "cross-walks") and methods (automated as opposed to intellectual effort) will be discussed. This includes a Brief appraisal of the future of work with multilingual terminology: - The "classical" approach (Multilingual Thesauri), - The "Internet" approach (linking) Recent developments in mono- and multilingual environments will be presented (MACS, CARMEN, Economics Crosswalk).

Source

International cataloguing and bibliographic control. 32(2003) no.1, S.17-20

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Abstract

In 1989 a consortium of the national libraries of Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal and the UK agreed to cooperate in investigating the potential of CD-ROMs as a means of distributing and using national bibliographic data. The project, which was divided into 10 manageable sub projects, was launched in Jan 90. One major result is a draft specification of requirements for a common retrieval interface for bibliographic data, designed to match as closely as possible the needs of four user groups: acquisition librarians, cataloguers, reference librarians and end users. A second is the production of a pilot CD-ROM in UNIMARC; The Explorers, containing records from the national bibliographies of Denmark, Italy, Netherlands and Portugal. Other major products are MARC to UNIMARC conversion tables, and a multilingual interface. Valuable if sometimes painful experience was gained during the project

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Abstract

Before speaking about authority control in a multilingual environment, it is necessary to describe briefly the context in which this control is carried out. The electronic catalogue of the Russian State Library (RSL) contains more than 3 million records. Cataloguing with the use of the Aleph software and ??RC 21 has been carried out for this database since 2003. Other bibliographic records included in the electronic catalogue are received as a result of converting (1) bibliographic records from card catalogues, and (2) the bibliographic records created by RSL and other organizations with the use of other software and other formats. Up to 2003 the electronic catalogue included only records in Russian and in European languages. In 2003 we started cataloguing books and serials in the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation and former union republics of the USSR. This year we are preparing for the description of documents in oriental languages. This "motley world" demands ordering and normalization of access points. Until 2003, two authority files were maintained in the RSL: the foreign and international organizations file and a file of "authors of special categories." Authority records were created in a format based on USMARC. In 2003 the authority control group was reorganized and its function widened. Now we are supposed to carry out the authority control of headings (controlled access points) in new bibliographic records by formation of authority records for these categories: - Names of persons, creators or objects of the work translated to Russian from other languages when in the document there is an original form of the name - Names of persons in which the forms of the names on the document differ from the form established for the system of catalogues at RSL - Such names of persons, as "authors of special categories" - Names of corporate bodies, Russian, foreign or international (creators or objects of the work), occurring in the system for the first time - Names of the corporate bodies, Russian, foreign or international reflected in authority records (machine-readable and traditional) if the form of the name on the document differs from the form established for the system of catalogues at RSL - The uniform titles of the Bible and its parts, anonymous classical works