Search (33 results, page 1 of 2)

  • × theme_ss:"Suchtaktik"
  1. Lee, S.-S.; Theng, Y.-L.; Goh, D.H.-L.: Creative information seeking : part II: empirical verification (2007) 0.09
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    Abstract
    Purpose - This is part II of on-going research, the purpose being to establish a creative information-seeking model. Design/methodology/approach - Two studies were conducted to examine the subjects' creative information seeking behaviours and the extent to which they exhibited the proposed stages in creative information seeking when accomplishing a directed and an open-ended information-seeking task respectively. Findings - Findings seemed to indicate that all the subjects underwent the proposed stages although they seemed to embrace characteristics of these stages in varying degrees. Findings also showed that if subjects performed the proposed stages more iteratively or non-sequentially, then a greater amount of creativity was needed to accomplish the information-seeking task. Originality/value - The paper offers a discussion on the relationships between creativity, complexity of tasks, and levels of expertise in domain knowledge.
    Date
    23.12.2007 12:22:16
  2. Morse, P.M.: Search theory and browsing (1970) 0.03
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    Date
    22. 5.2005 19:53:09
  3. Lee, S.-S.; Theng, Y.-L.; Goh, D.H.-L.: Creative information seeking : Part I: a conceptual framework (2005) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Purpose - This paper proposes a conceptual framework for creative information seeking drawing upon Weisberg's argument that creativity exists in everyone, and mapping the creative process described in the holistic model of creativity to the information seeking activities identified in the behavioural model of information seeking. Design/methodology/approach - Using scenarios of information seeking behaviour, mappings between the creative process and information seeking activities were refined and six stages for creative information seeking were proposed. Scenarios were also used to provide theoretical justifications for stages in creative information seeking. Findings - Evidence gathered from the scenarios seemed to indicate that the type of information seeking task may have an impact on the extent to which an information seeker exhibits all stages in the framework. This is on-going research. Part II of this paper aims to conduct empirical studies and gather evidence to verify the framework and examine this observation in more detail. Originality/value - Proposes a framework for creative information seeking.
  4. Xu, Y.; Liu, C.: ¬The dynamics of interactive information retrieval : part II: an empirical study from the activity theory perspective (2007) 0.02
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  5. Jung, J.J.: Contextualized query sampling to discover semantic resource descriptions on the web (2009) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Resource description extracted by query-sampling method can be applied to determine which database sources a certain query should be firstly sent to. In this paper, we propose a contextualized query-sampling method to extract the resources which are most relevant to up-to-date context. Practically, the proposed approach is adopted to personal crawler systems (the so-called focused crawlers), which can support the corresponding user's web navigation tasks in real-time. By taking into account the user context (e.g., intentions or interests), the crawler can build the queries to evaluate candidate information sources. As a result, we can discover semantic associations (i) between user context and the sources, and (ii) between all pairs of the sources. These associations are applied to rank the sources, and transform the queries for the other sources. For evaluating the performance of contextualized query sampling on 53 information sources, we compared the ranking lists recommended by the proposed method with user feedbacks (i.e., ideal ranks), and also computed the precision of discovered subsumptions as semantic associations between the sources.
  6. Abacha, A.B.; Zweigenbaum, P.: MEANS: A medical question-answering system combining NLP techniques and semantic Web technologies (2015) 0.02
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    Abstract
    The Question Answering (QA) task aims to provide precise and quick answers to user questions from a collection of documents or a database. This kind of IR system is sorely needed with the dramatic growth of digital information. In this paper, we address the problem of QA in the medical domain where several specific conditions are met. We propose a semantic approach to QA based on (i) Natural Language Processing techniques, which allow a deep analysis of medical questions and documents and (ii) semantic Web technologies at both representation and interrogation levels. We present our Semantic Question-Answering System, called MEANS and our proposed method for "Answer Search" based on semantic search and query relaxation. We evaluate the overall system performance on real questions and answers extracted from MEDLINE articles. Our experiments show promising results and suggest that a query-relaxation strategy can further improve the overall performance.
  7. Morse, P.M.: Browsing and search theory (1973) 0.02
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    Date
    22. 5.2005 19:52:29
  8. Branch, J.L.: Investigating the information-seeking process of adolescents : the value of using think alouds and think afters (2000) 0.02
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    Source
    Library and information science research. 22(2000) no.4, S.371-382
  9. Karanam, S.; Oostendorp, H. van; Sanchiz, M.; Chin, J.; Fu, W.-T.: Cognitive modeling of age-related differences in information search behavior (2017) 0.02
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    Abstract
    In this study, we evaluated the ability of computational cognitive models of web-navigation like CoLiDeS and CoLiDeS+ to model i) user interactions with search engines and ii) individual differences in search behavior due to variations in cognitive factors such as aging. CoLiDeS and CoLiDeS+ were extended to predict user clicks on search engine result pages. Their performance was evaluated using actual behavioral data from an experiment in which 2 types of information search tasks (simple vs. difficult), were presented to younger and older participants. The results showed that the model predictions matched significantly better with the actual user behavior on difficult tasks compared to simple tasks and with younger participants compared to older participants, especially for difficult tasks. Also, the matches were significantly better with CoLiDeS+ compared to CoLiDeS, especially for difficult tasks. We conclude that the advanced capabilities of CoLiDeS+, such as incorporating contextual information and implementing backtracking strategies enable it to predict user behavior significantly better than CoLiDeS, especially on difficult tasks. The usefulness of these modeling outcomes for the design of support systems for older adults is discussed.
  10. Vuong, T.; Saastamoinen, M.; Jacucci, G.; Ruotsalo, T.: Understanding user behavior in naturalistic information search tasks (2019) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Understanding users' search behavior has largely relied on the information available from search engine logs, which provide limited information about the contextual factors affecting users' behavior. Consequently, questions such as how users' intentions, task goals, and substances of the users' tasks affect search behavior, as well as what triggers information needs, remain largely unanswered. We report an experiment in which naturalistic information search behavior was captured by analyzing 24/7 continuous recordings of information on participants' computer screens. Written task diaries describing the participants' tasks were collected and used as real-life task contexts for further categorization. All search tasks were extracted and classified under various task categories according to users' intentions, task goals, and substances of the tasks. We investigated the effect of different task categories on three behavioral factors: search efforts, content-triggers, and application context. Our results suggest four findings: (i) Search activity is integrally associated with the users' creative processes. The content users have seen prior to searching more often triggers search, and is used as a query, within creative tasks. (ii) Searching within intellectual and creative tasks is more time-intensive, while search activity occurring as a part of daily routine tasks is associated with more frequent searching within a search task. (iii) Searching is more often induced from utility applications in tasks demanding a degree of intellectual effort. (iv) Users' leisure information-seeking activity is occurring inherently within social media services or comes from social communication platforms. The implications of our findings for information access and management systems are discussed.
  11. Pejtersen, A.M.: Design of a classification scheme for fiction based on an analysis of actual user-librarian communication, and use of the scheme for control of librarians' search strategies (1980) 0.02
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    Date
    5. 8.2006 13:22:44
  12. Barrio, P.; Gravano, L.: Sampling strategies for information extraction over the deep web (2017) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Information extraction systems discover structured information in natural language text. Having information in structured form enables much richer querying and data mining than possible over the natural language text. However, information extraction is a computationally expensive task, and hence improving the efficiency of the extraction process over large text collections is of critical interest. In this paper, we focus on an especially valuable family of text collections, namely, the so-called deep-web text collections, whose contents are not crawlable and are only available via querying. Important steps for efficient information extraction over deep-web text collections (e.g., selecting the collections on which to focus the extraction effort, based on their contents; or learning which documents within these collections-and in which order-to process, based on their words and phrases) require having a representative document sample from each collection. These document samples have to be collected by querying the deep-web text collections, an expensive process that renders impractical the existing sampling approaches developed for other data scenarios. In this paper, we systematically study the space of query-based document sampling techniques for information extraction over the deep web. Specifically, we consider (i) alternative query execution schedules, which vary on how they account for the query effectiveness, and (ii) alternative document retrieval and processing schedules, which vary on how they distribute the extraction effort over documents. We report the results of the first large-scale experimental evaluation of sampling techniques for information extraction over the deep web. Our results show the merits and limitations of the alternative query execution and document retrieval and processing strategies, and provide a roadmap for addressing this critically important building block for efficient, scalable information extraction.
  13. Hsieh-Yee, I.: Search tactics of Web users in searching for texts, graphics, known items and subjects : a search simulation study (1998) 0.01
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    Date
    25.12.1998 19:22:31
  14. Limberg, L.: Three conceptions of information seeking and use (1999) 0.01
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    Date
    22. 3.2002 9:53:10
  15. Lin, S.-j.; Belkin, N.: Validation of a model of information seeking over multiple search sessions (2005) 0.01
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    Date
    10. 4.2005 14:52:22
  16. Koopmans, N.I.: What's your question? : The need for research information from the perspective of different user groups (2002) 0.01
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    Date
    2. 7.2005 12:22:50
  17. Crestani, F.; Du, H.: Written versus spoken queries : a qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis (2006) 0.01
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    Date
    5. 6.2006 11:22:23
  18. Xu, Y.: ¬The dynamics of interactive information retrieval behavior : part I: an activity theory perspective (2007) 0.01
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    Date
    27. 5.2007 13:55:22
  19. Saastamoinen, M.; Järvelin, K.: Search task features in work tasks of varying types and complexity (2017) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Information searching in practice seldom is an end in itself. In work, work task (WT) performance forms the context, which information searching should serve. Therefore, information retrieval (IR) systems development/evaluation should take the WT context into account. The present paper analyzes how WT features: task complexity and task types, affect information searching in authentic work: the types of information needs, search processes, and search media. We collected data on 22 information professionals in authentic work situations in three organization types: city administration, universities, and companies. The data comprise 286 WTs and 420 search tasks (STs). The data include transaction logs, video recordings, daily questionnaires, interviews. and observation. The data were analyzed quantitatively. Even if the participants used a range of search media, most STs were simple throughout the data, and up to 42% of WTs did not include searching. WT's effects on STs are not straightforward: different WT types react differently to WT complexity. Due to the simplicity of authentic searching, the WT/ST types in interactive IR experiments should be reconsidered.
  20. Byström, K.: Information seekers in context : an analysis of the 'doer' in INSU studies (1999) 0.01
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    Date
    22. 3.2002 9:55:52