-
Haubner, S.: Was uns Google vorenthält : Alternativen zum Marktführer gibt es beim Suchen im Internet kaum - Wir erklären, wie der Suchmaschinen-Gigant "Google" funktioniert. (2012)
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- Content
- Keine ernsthafte Konkurrenz Damit ist die Geschichte der Suchmaschinen weitestgehend erzählt - außer, dass Yahoo praktisch keine Rolle mehr spielt. Um das Gesuchte in den Weiten des Netzes zu finden, benutzt man heute Google. Mehr als 90 Prozent aller Suchanfragen in Deutschland laufen Schätzungen zufolge über die Rechenzentren des US-Konzerns. Ernsthafte Konkurrenten? Keine. Einst erfolgreiche Dienste wie Excite, Infoseek, AltaVista oder Lycos sind längst von der Bildfläche verschwunden. Liefert nicht Google zu allen erdenklichen Suchbegriffen zigtausend Ergebnisse? Mehr, so die allgemeine Auffassung, kann sowieso kein Mensch verarbeiten. Dahinter steht der naive Glaube, Google bilde die digitale Welt in ihrer Gesamtheit ab. Oder, schlimmer noch, gar die reale Welt. Dabei könnte nichts weiter von der Realität entfernt sein, wie Dr. Wolfgang Sander-Beuermann, Leiter des Suchmaschinenlabors der Leibniz-Universität Hannover erklärt. Denn Google entscheidet, nach welchen Kriterien die digitale Welt durchkämmt wird. Google legt fest, welche Webseiten unter den ersten zehn Ergebnissen zu einer Suche angezeigt werden. Da die Mehrheit der Nutzer ohnehin nur diese wahrnimmt, bestimmt ein einzelnes Unternehmen, welchen Ausschnitt der Wirklichkeit die Menschheit zu sehen bekommt. Und die Algorithmen, nach denen die Suchmaschine funktioniert, hält der Konzern streng unter Verschluss: "Google entscheidet, welches Wissen wahrgenommen wird, und welches nicht; was im Internet existiert und was nicht." Die Macht, die dem Konzern damit zukomme, reiche weit über die Kontrolle des Wissenszugangs durch Suchmaschinen hinaus. "Was wir hier beobachten, ist eine Monokultur mit gravierenden Folgen für die Informations- und Wissenskultur", warnt der Wissenschaftler, der deshalb bereits vor Jahren "SuMa e.V.", einen "Verein für freien Wissenszugang", gegründet hat. Er setzt sich dafür ein, "globale Online-Oligopole besser zu kontrollieren". Um den freien Zugang zu dem im Internet gespeicherten Wissen für möglichst viele Menschen zu ermöglichen, sei es außerdem "von entscheidender Bedeutung, die dahinterstehende Technologie zu entwickeln und zu fördern - auch und gerade in Deutschland." Doch genau das wurde in den vergangenen zehn Jahren versäumt.
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Lewandowski, D.: Query understanding (2011)
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- Date
- 18. 9.2018 18:22:18
-
Bensman, S.J.: Eugene Garfield, Francis Narin, and PageRank : the theoretical bases of the Google search engine (2013)
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- Date
- 17.12.2013 11:02:22
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Tober, M.; Hennig, L.; Furch, D.: SEO Ranking-Faktoren und Rang-Korrelationen 2014 : Google Deutschland (2014)
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- 13. 9.2014 14:45:22
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Schaat, S.: Von der automatisierten Manipulation zur Manipulation der Automatisierung (2019)
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- Date
- 19. 2.2019 17:22:00
-
Fluhr, C.: Crosslingual access to photo databases (2012)
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- 17. 4.2012 14:25:22
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Chen, L.-C.: Next generation search engine for the result clustering technology (2012)
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- 17. 4.2012 15:22:11
-
Bouidghaghen, O.; Tamine, L.: Spatio-temporal based personalization for mobile search (2012)
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- Date
- 20. 4.2012 13:19:22
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Lewandowski, D.: ¬Die Macht der Suchmaschinen und ihr Einfluss auf unsere Entscheidungen (2014)
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- 22. 9.2014 18:54:11
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Huvila, I.: Affective capitalism of knowing and the society of search engine (2016)
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- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
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Chaudiron, S.; Ihadjadene, M.: Studying Web search engines from a user perspective : key concepts and main approaches (2012)
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- 20. 4.2012 13:22:37
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Lewandowski, D.; Spree, U.: Ranking of Wikipedia articles in search engines revisited : fair ranking for reasonable quality? (2011)
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- 30. 9.2012 19:27:22
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Aloteibi, S.; Sanderson, M.: Analyzing geographic query reformulation : an exploratory study (2014)
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- 26. 1.2014 18:48:22
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Vaughan, L.; Chen, Y.: Data mining from web search queries : a comparison of Google trends and Baidu index (2015)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.1, S.13-22
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Alqaraleh, S.; Ramadan, O.; Salamah, M.: Efficient watcher based web crawler design (2015)
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- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
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epd: Kaiserslauterer Forscher untersuchen Google-Suche (2017)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2004 9:42:33
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Lewandowski, D.; Sünkler, S.: What does Google recommend when you want to compare insurance offerings? (2019)
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- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
-
Sachse, J.: ¬The influence of snippet length on user behavior in mobile web search (2019)
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- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
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Kaeser, E.: ¬Das postfaktische Zeitalter (2016)
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- Content
- "Es gibt Daten, Informationen und Fakten. Wenn man mir eine Zahlenreihe vorsetzt, dann handelt es sich um Daten: unterscheidbare Einheiten, im Fachjargon: Items. Wenn man mir sagt, dass diese Items stündliche Temperaturangaben der Aare im Berner Marzilibad bedeuten, dann verfüge ich über Information - über interpretierte Daten. Wenn man mir sagt, dies seien die gemessenen Aaretemperaturen am 22. August 2016 im Marzili, dann ist das ein Faktum: empirisch geprüfte interpretierte Daten. Dieser Dreischritt - Unterscheiden, Interpretieren, Prüfen - bildet quasi das Bindemittel des Faktischen, «the matter of fact». Wir alle führen den Dreischritt ständig aus und gelangen so zu einem relativ verlässlichen Wissen und Urteilsvermögen betreffend die Dinge des Alltags. Aber wie schon die Kurzcharakterisierung durchblicken lässt, bilden Fakten nicht den Felsengrund der Realität. Sie sind kritikanfällig, sowohl von der Interpretation wie auch von der Prüfung her gesehen. Um bei unserem Beispiel zu bleiben: Es kann durchaus sein, dass man uns zwei unterschiedliche «faktische» Temperaturverläufe der Aare am 22. August 2016 vorsetzt.
-
Gillitzer, B.: Yewno (2017)
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- Date
- 22. 2.2017 10:16:49
