-
Bennion, B.C.: Performance testing of a book and its index as an information retrieval system (1980)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 31(1980), S.264-270
-
Mulvany, N.C.: Back-of-the-book indexing (2009)
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- Abstract
- The book index occupies a special niche in the information retrieval world. Each index is a unique, authored work. Each book is a closed system. The text presented in a book does not change; the material is stable and fixed. Book indexers provide readers with a nonlinear way to access information in a text. Even though closed-system indexing predates the development of the printing press, a book index can be thought of as hypertext.
- Source
- Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
-
Craven, T.C.: Adapting of string indexing systems for retrieval using proximity operators (1988)
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- Abstract
- This article explores the idea of using a conventional string indexing source description, together with a special phrase generator, to generate multiple descriptor phrases for inclusion in a database record for online retrieval. For use with proximity operators, these multiple descriptor phrases should attempt to meet such objectives as bringing together groups of syntactically related words. Software for generating multiple descriptor phrases from source descriptions in a specific existing string indexing system is briefly described
- Source
- Information processing and management. 24(1988), S.133-140
-
BIOSIS introduces new relational indexing scheme and additional information in 1998 (1998)
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- Abstract
- In 1998 BIOSIS will introduce a new relational indexing system to provide more specific natural language retrieval for its electronic products. Printed publications will have a redesigned subject index to replace the KWIC index and an organism index, replacing the current generic and biosystematic indexes, will allow hierarchical access to kingdom, family and common genus species names
- Source
- Information today. 15(1998) no.4, S.11
-
Bradshaw, S.; Hammond, K.: Constructing indices from citations in collections of research papers (1999)
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- Abstract
- We describe Rosetta, an indexing and retrieval system for collections of research papers. Rosetta indexes papers in a collection based on the way they have been described when referenced by other papers in the collection. With this technique, indices for papers describe information provided in the same way a query describes information needed. Using Rosetta, simple natural language queries retrieve high-precision results in which descriptions based on citations clearly summarize retrieved papers; allowing users to quickly determine which papers most closely meet their information needs
- Imprint
- Medford, NJ : Information Today
- Series
- Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science; vol.36
- Source
- Knowledge: creation, organization and use. Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, 31.10.-4.11.1999. Ed.: L. Woods
-
Holbert, S.: How to index Windows-based online help (2000)
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- Abstract
- Today, more and more software packages come with online documentation. Some have complete manuals as well. Others have basic documentation on paper and more advanced information online. I recently purchased a computer that came with 20 software programs and not one page of written documentation. More and more, users have to find information by searching online. Most documentation teams focus on writing and ignore the problems of information retrieval, making information in printed documents difficult to find, and online information impossible to find. With online Help, you cannot browse the documentation. You cannot even browse more than a couple of inches of the index at a time. If online users do not get superb guidance into the jungle of online Help, they go away like the hero of Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, saying "Oh, the horror! The horror!" How does an online Help index work? The following examples are based on the Windows 95 Help-type system, but do not represent actual Help screens
- Imprint
- Phoenix, AZ : American Society of Indexers / Information Today
-
Gratch, B.; Settel, B.; Atherton, P.: Characteristics of book indexes for subject retrieval in the humanities and social sciences (1978)
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- Source
- Indexer. 11(1978), S.14-22
-
Dextre Clarke, S.G.: Evolution towards ISO 25964 : an international standard with guidelines for thesauri and other types of controlled vocabulary (2007)
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- Abstract
- Die geschichtliche Entwicklung von ISO 2788: Documentation - Guidelines for the establishment and development of monolingual thesauri und ISO 5964: Documentation - Guidelines for the establishment and development of multilingual thesauri wird kurz beschrieben. 2001 begann die Arbeit an der Entwicklung von BS 8723: Structured Vocabularies for Information Retrieval - Guide, einer fünfteiligen Norm, die konzipiert wurde, um die internationalen Normen zu aktualisieren, insbesondere mit Hinblick auf Interoperabilität. Der Verfahrensablauf zur Übernahme von BS 8723 als internationale Norm hat begonnen.
- Date
- 8.12.2007 19:25:22
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 58(2007) H.8, S.441-444
-
Armitage, J.E.; Lynch, M.F.: Some structural characteristics of articulated subject indexes (1968)
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- Source
- Information storage and retrieval. 4(1968) no.2, S.101-111
-
Luhn, H.P.: Keyword-in-context index for technical literature (1985)
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- Abstract
- In the optimistic 1960s the potential of the computer seemed limitless. The realization of this potential in the area of information retrieval and dissemination owes much to the creative mind of Hans Peter Luhn. A pioneer of information science, he had a mind and an imagination that could transcend the state of the art. Luhn was born in Germany, where he studied technology, physics, and accounting. He came to the United States in 1924 and in 1941, at the age of 45, he joined IBM. In the course of his twenty-year tenure at IBM, he was issued over eighty patents; at one time he held more than any other IBM employee. Luhn is credited with originating KWIC indexes, computer selective dissemination systems (SDI), computer coding schemes, and statistical techniques for automatic indexing and abstracting. Also attributed to him is the first modern use of the word "thesaurus." The selection that follows modestly presents the idea of a Keyword in Context (KWIC) index. This is the idea of automatically identifying significant or "key" words and highlighting them in context. The context in question was normally a title. Though title term or catchword indexing had been practiced for over one hundred years, the implementation of the idea in mechanized systems in the 1960s was not trivial. It required programming the computer to recognize word boundaries and then developing a means for automatically differentiating significant from nonsignificant words. Spaces were used to demarcate word boundaries and a stop list, consisting of articles, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, some adjectives, and some very common words, was used to differentiate significant from nonsignificant words. A difficulty with any automatic indexing limited to extracting single words from texts is the semantic indeterminancy of the extracted character strings. To disambiguate these, Luhn adopted the concordance idea, proposing to display them in the context of their titles. Specifying the meaning of an index term by couching it in "context," anticipated the later development of string index languages such as PRECIS (PREserved Context Index System). Although the selection that follows is quite short, it presents, in addition to the idea of KWIC, what at the time were two innovative ideas. One is the distinction between the dissemination and the retrieval of information, in regard to which Luhn makes a point sometimes overlooked by modern critics of KWIC. This is that different purposes require different kinds of indexes; an index that is used to disseminate information for current awareness need not be as "perfect" as one used for retrospective information retrieval. The need to alert researchers to current information quickly, and the somewhat transitory character of this information, make KWIC, albeit quick and dirty, a costeffective alternative for dissemination indexes. The second harbinger idea is a method of uniquely identifying documents for retrieval using an identification code comprising the initial characters from a document's author, title, and - interestingly - year of publication. Luhn's mind was fertile indeed and he is aptly called a pioneer of information science.
-
Craven, T.C.: NEPHIS: a nested phrase indexing system (1977)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 28(1977), S.107-114
-
Anderson, J.D.: Indexing, teaching of, See: Information retrieval design (2002)
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-
Z39.4-199X: Indexes and related information retrieval devices (1993)
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-
Craven, T. C.: String indexing (1986)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: International classification 15(1988) S.103-104 (W. Gödert); Journal of the American Society for Information Science (1988) S.435 (J.D. Anderson); Journal of documentation 43(1987) S. (R.F. Guy); Cataloging & classification quarterly 8(1987) S.140-141 (M.A. Kascus)
- LCSH
- NEPHIS (Indexing system)
- Subject
- NEPHIS (Indexing system)
-
Miksa, F.: ¬The DDC Relative Index (2006)
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- Abstract
- The "Relative Index" of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is investigated over the span of its lifetime in 22 editions of the DDC as to its character as a concept indexing system, its provision of conceptual contexts for the terms it lists, and the way in which the index intersects with special tables of categories used in the system. Striking features of the index that are discussed include how the locater function of an index is expressed in it, its practice of including concepts that have not been given specific notational locations in the system, its two methods of providing conceptual contexts for indexed terms (by means of the notation of the system and by the insertion of enhancement terms that portray conceptual context), and how the index has intersected with three types of special tables of categories in the system. Critical issues raised include the indexing of constructed or synthesized complex concepts, inconsistencies in how enhancement terms are portrayed and the absence of them in some instances, the problem of equating conceptual context with disciplinary context, and problems associated with not indexing one type of special table. Summary and conclusions are extended to problems that arise in studying the index.
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft "Moving beyond the presentation layer: content and context in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) System"
-
Parsons, J.: Finding your way around the information maze : indexes as a signpost to information retrieval (1992)
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- Abstract
- Consideration of some of the choices for computerization of indexes, including word processing, records administration systems, and text-retrieval packages. Some of the general concepts relating to indexes are also covered, including various approaches to indexing such as subject, word, and hierarchical indexing, and the use of coordinated themes. The options available within each type of computerization of indexing are also specified
- Source
- Information management and technology. 25(1992) no.3, S.120-122
-
Clarke, M.: Retrieving information from scientific periodicals (1996)
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- Abstract
- Considers the indexing of scientific and medical periodicals, covering the need for indexes, the effect on information retrieval of the electronic revolution, types of journals and entries, the process of indexing, cumulation and publisher-indexer relations
-
Wool, G.: Filing and precoordination : how subject headings are displayed in online catalogs and why it matters (2000)
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- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T. Stone
- Theme
- Verbale Doksprachen im Online-Retrieval
-
Schroeder, K.A.: Layered indexing of images (1998)
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- Abstract
- The General Motors Media Archives (GMMA) project is undertaking one of the largest digitization efforts in the world. GMMA houses over 3 million still photographic images and tens of thousands of motion picture films and videos spanning over a hundred years. The images are a rich history of the evolution of transport, urban growth, fashion, design, and popular culture. GMMA has developed a layered approach to visual indexing that dissects the objects, style and implication of each image, so that the indexing system can accomodate all potential approaches to the material. Explains each layer of indexing and provides examples which show implication layers that can easily be missed
- Date
- 9. 4.2000 17:22:00
-
Odini, C.: ¬The performance of manual indexes and online databases in information retrieval (1994)
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- Abstract
- Reports a comparative study carried out at Sheffield University to compare the performance of 2 manual indexes and 3 related online databases in the retrieval of records in the technological subject of: Cathodic protection of concrete structures. The manual sources were: Engineering Index and Current Technology Index; and the online databases were: COMPENDEX, NTIS and SCISEARCH. Performance was measured in terms of relative recall and prescision. While online searches showed some considerable advantages over manual searches, the manual sources showed some considerable advantages over manual searches, the manual sources still manifested some qualities which render them valuable. Emphasizes the selection of databases on the basis of a compromise between high recall and high precision, and ultimately between both of these factors and cost
