-
Habermas, J.: Technischer Fortschritt und soziale Lebenswelt (1968)
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- Abstract
- Seitdem im Jahre 1959 C. P. Snow ein Buch mit dem Titel The two Cultures erscheinen ließ, hat von neuem, und nicht nur in England, eine Diskussion über das Verhältnis von Wissenschaft und Literatur eingesetzt. Wissenschaft ist dabei im Sinne von Science eingeschränkt auf die strikten Erfahrungswissenschaften, während Literatur weit gefaßt ist und in gewissem Sinne auch das einschließt, was wir geisteswissenschaftliche Interpretation nennen. Die Abhandlung, mit der Aldous Huxley unter dem Titel Literature and Science in die Kontroverse eingegriffen hat, beschränkt sich freilich auf eine Konfrontation der Naturwissenschaften mit der belletristischen Literatur.
- Date
- 22. 7.2023 20:22:54
-
Dervin, B.: Information as a user construct : the relevance of perceived information needs to synthesis and interpretation (1983)
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- Source
- Knowledge structure and use: implications for synthesis and interpretation. Ed.: S.A. Ward u. L.J. Reed
-
Glasersfeld, E. von: Piagets Konstruktivismus : eine Interpretation (1987)
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- Footnote
- Original: 'An interpretation of Piagets constructivism' in: Revue internationale de philosophie 36(1982) no.4, S.612-635
-
Grivel, L.; Mutschke, P.; Polanco, X.: Thematic mapping on bibliographic databases by cluster analysis : a description of the SDOC environment with SOLIS (1995)
0.03
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- Abstract
- The paper presents a coword-analysis-based system called SDOC which is able to pupport the intellectual work of an end-user who is searching for information in a bibliographic database. This is done by presenting its thematical structure as a map of keyword clusters (themes) on a graphical user interface. These mapping facilities are demonstrated on the basis of the research field Social History given by a set of documents from the social science literature database SOLIS. Besides the traditional way of analysing a coword map as a strategic diagram, the notion of cluster relationships analysis is introduced which provides an adequate interpretation of links between themes
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 22(1995) no.2, S.70-77
-
Capps, M.; Ladd, B.; Stotts, D.: Enhanced graph models in the Web : multi-client, multi-head, multi-tail browsing (1996)
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- Abstract
- Richer graph models permit authors to 'program' the browsing behaviour they want WWW readers to see by turning the hypertext into a hyperprogram with specific semantics. Multiple browsing streams can be started under the author's control and then kept in step through the synchronization mechanisms provided by the graph model. Adds a Semantic Web Graph Layer (SWGL) which allows dynamic interpretation of link and node structures according to graph models. Details the SWGL and its architecture, some sample protocol implementations, and the latest extensions to MHTML
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:08:06
-
Levinson, R.: Symmetry and the computation of conceptual structures (2000)
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- Abstract
- The discovery and exploitation of symmetry plays a major role in sciences such as crystallography, quantum theory, condensedmatter physics, thermodynamics, chemistry, biology and others. It then should not be surprising then, since Conceptual Structures are proposed as a universal knowledge representation scheme, that symmetry should play a role in their interpretation and their application. In this tutorial style paper, we illustrate the role of symmetry in Conceptual Structures and how algorithms may be constructed that exploit this symmetry in order to achieve computational efficiency
- Date
- 3. 9.2000 19:22:45
-
Priss, U.: Faceted knowledge representation (1999)
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- Abstract
- Faceted Knowledge Representation provides a formalism for implementing knowledge systems. The basic notions of faceted knowledge representation are "unit", "relation", "facet" and "interpretation". Units are atomic elements and can be abstract elements or refer to external objects in an application. Relations are sequences or matrices of 0 and 1's (binary matrices). Facets are relational structures that combine units and relations. Each facet represents an aspect or viewpoint of a knowledge system. Interpretations are mappings that can be used to translate between different representations. This paper introduces the basic notions of faceted knowledge representation. The formalism is applied here to an abstract modeling of a faceted thesaurus as used in information retrieval.
- Date
- 22. 1.2016 17:30:31
-
Jones, S.: ¬A thesaurus data model for an intelligent retrieval system (1993)
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- Abstract
- This paper demonstrates the application of conventional database design techniques to thesaurus representation. The thesaurus is considered as a printed document, as a semantic net, and as a relational database to be used in conjunction with an intelligent information retrieval system. Some issues raised by analysis of two standard thesauri include: the prevalence of compound terms and the representation of term structure; thesaurus redundancy and the extent to which it can be eliminated in machine-readable versions; the difficulty of exploiting thesaurus knowledge originally designed for human rather than automatic interpretation; deriving 'strength of association' measures between terms in a thesaurus considered as a semantic net; facet representation and the need for variations in the data model to cater for structural differences between thesauri. A complete schema of database tables is presented, with an outline suggestion for using the stored information when matching one or more thesaurus terms with a user's query
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Sparck Jones, K.: ¬A statistical interpretation of term specifity and its application in retrieval (1972)
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-
Umstätter, W.: Schrift, Information, Interpretation und Wissen (1992)
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-
Jochum, U.: Bibliothek, Buch und Information (1991)
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- Footnote
- Erwiderung darauf: Umstätter, W.: Schrift, Information, Interpretation und Wissen
-
Klüver, J.; Kier, R.: Rekonstruktion und Verstehen : ein Computer-Programm zur Interpretation sozialwissenschaftlicher Texte (1994)
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-
Röttsches, H.: Thesauruspflege im Verbund der Bibliotheken der obersten Bundesbehörden (1989)
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- Source
- Mitteilungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Parlaments- und Behördenbibliotheken. 1989, H.67, S.1-22
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Weizenbaum, J.: Wir gegen die Gier (2008)
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- Content
- Als Beispiel der Anwendung von Metaphern in den Naturwissenschaften fällt mir dieses ein: Ein schwarzes Loch ist ein Stern, dessen Anziehungskraft so stark ist, dass keine Information entfliehen kann. Aber buchstäblich ist so ein Stern nicht "schwarz", noch ist er ein "Loch". Und Information, also elektromagnetische Teilchen, "entfliehen" den ordinären Sternen nicht. Mein Kollege Norbert Wiener schrieb einmal: "Information ist Information, nicht Materie oder Energie." Sie ist immer eine private Leistung, nämlich die der Interpretation, deren Ergebnis Wissen ist. Information hat, wie, zum Beispiel die Aufführung eines Tanzes, keine Permanenz; sie ist eben weder Materie noch Energie. Das Maß der Wahrheit des produzierten Wissens hängt von der Qualität der angewandten Interpretation ab. Wissen überlebt, nämlich indem es den denkenden Menschen buchstäblich informiert, also den Zustand seines Gehirns ändert. Claude Shannons Informationstheorie lehrt uns, dass die Bedeutung einer Nachricht von der Erwartung des Empfängers abhängt. Sie ist nicht messbar, denn Nachrichten sind pure Signale, die keine inhärente Bedeutung bergen. Enthält das New Yorker Telefonbuch Information? Nein! Es besteht aus Daten, nämlich aus Texten, die, um zu Information und Wissen zu werden, interpretiert werden müssen. Der Leser erwartet, dass gewisse Inhalte Namen, Adressen und Telefonnummern repräsentieren. Enthält dieses Telefonbuch die Information, dass viele Armenier nahe beieinander wohnen?
- Date
- 16. 3.2008 12:22:08
-
Iivonen, M.: Consistency in the selection of search concepts and search terms (1995)
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- Abstract
- Considers intersearcher and intrasearcher consistency in the selection of search terms. Based on an empirical study where 22 searchers from 4 different types of search environments analyzed altogether 12 search requests of 4 different types in 2 separate test situations between which 2 months elapsed. Statistically very significant differences in consistency were found according to the types of search environments and search requests. Consistency was also considered according to the extent of the scope of search concept. At level I search terms were compared character by character. At level II different search terms were accepted as the same search concept with a rather simple evaluation of linguistic expressions. At level III, in addition to level II, the hierarchical approach of the search request was also controlled. At level IV different search terms were accepted as the same search concept with a broad interpretation of the search concept. Both intersearcher and intrasearcher consistency grew most immediately after a rather simple evaluation of linguistic impressions
-
Johnson, F.C.: ¬A natural language understanding system for reference resolution in information dialogues (1996)
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- Abstract
- Demonstrates how a natural language understanding (NLU) system can be developed to utilize low level pragmatic information, primarily the linguistic context, to deal effectively with the linguistic devices of anaphors and ellipsis and allow users to query databases for reference information without the need for menus or fixed phrases and query structures. Describes the components which comprise a NLU system to deal with continuous dialogue. Given that the syntactic and semantic information can produce a suitable information of each utterance, pragmatic information may be used to determine how this contectual information determines the interpretation of subsequent utterances. Suggests that the approach taken allows the system to provide a cooperative response to assist the user in attaining the information seeking goal
- Source
- Information retrieval: new systems and current research. Proceedings of the 16th Research Colloquium of the British Computer Society Information Retrieval Specialist Group, Drymen, Scotland, 22-23 Mar 94. Ed.: R. Leon
-
Srihari, R.K.: Using speech input for image interpretation, annotation, and retrieval (1997)
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- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
-
Chen, S.-J.; Lee, H.-L.: Art images and mental associations : a preliminary exploration (2014)
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- Abstract
- This paper reports on the preliminary findings of a study that explores mental associations made by novices viewing art images. In a controlled environment, 20 Taiwanese college students responded to the question "What does the painting remind you of?" after viewing each digitized image of 15 oil paintings by a famous Taiwanese artist. Rather than focusing on the representation or interpretation of art, the study attempted to solicit information about how non-experts are stimulated by art. This paper reports on the analysis of participant responses to three of the images, and describes a12-type taxonomy of association emerged from the analysis. While 9 of the types are derived and adapted from facets in the Art & Architecture Thesaurus, three new types - Artistic Influence Association, Reactive Association, and Prototype Association - are discovered. The conclusion briefly discusses both the significance of the findings and the implications for future research.
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
-
Ma, Y.: Relatedness and compatibility : the concept of privacy in Mandarin Chinese and American English corpora (2023)
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- Abstract
- This study investigates how privacy as an ethical concept exists in two languages: Mandarin Chinese and American English. The exploration relies on two genres of corpora from 10 years: social media posts and news articles, 2010-2019. A mixed-methods approach combining structural topic modeling (STM) and human interpretation were used to work with the data. Findings show various privacy-related topics across the two languages. Moreover, some of these different topics revealed fundamental incompatibilities for understanding privacy across these two languages. In other words, some of the variations of topics do not just reflect contextual differences; they reveal how the two languages value privacy in different ways that can relate back to the society's ethical tradition. This study is one of the first empirically grounded intercultural explorations of the concept of privacy. It has shown that natural language is promising to operationalize intercultural and comparative privacy research, and it provides an examination of the concept as it is understood in these two languages.
- Date
- 22. 1.2023 18:59:40
-
Spiro, R.J.: Understanding and remembering verbal information : implications of psychological research for knowledge synthesis (1983)
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- Source
- Knowledge structure and use: implications for synthesis and interpretation. Ed.: S.A. Ward and L.J. Reed
