-
Axelos, C.; Flasch, K.; Schepers, H.; Kuhlen, R.; Romberg, R.; Zimmermann, R.: Allgemeines/Besonderes (1971-2007)
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- Abstract
- Als Erfinder des «Allgemeinen» gilt, gemäß dem Bericht des Aristoteles und seit diesem Bericht, Sokrates. Er ist es, der nicht mehr danach suchte, woraus ein Ding zu dem geworden ist, was es ist, oder wie es entstanden ist, sondern danach, «was [ein Ding] ist», und somit ist Sokrates der erste gewesen, der die Herausarbeitung des Allgemeinen (?a?????) forderte und mit seinen Fragen seine Gesprächspartner zu dieser Herausarbeitung trieb bzw. lockte; die Definition (???sµ??) war das Ziel des sokratischen Gesprächs, und die sokratische Aporie war das Vehikel.
- Footnote
- DOI: 10.24894/HWPh.5033. Vgl. unter: https://www.schwabeonline.ch/schwabe-xaveropp/elibrary/start.xav#__elibrary__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27verw.allgemeinesbesonderes%27%5D__1515856414979.
- Source
- Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie. Hrsg.: J. Ritter, K. Gründer u. G. Gabriel
-
Bauer, G.: ¬Die vielseitigen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Kategorienprinzips bei der Wissensorganisation (2006)
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- Abstract
- Fast alle berühmten Philosophen der letzten Jahrhunderte haben sich mit den allgemeinen Begriffen befasst und sie sehr unterschiedlich formuliert und interpretiert. Eine Auswahl philosophischer Kategorien: - Platon (427-347): Sein, Identität, Verschiedenheit, Veränderung, Beharrung - Aristoteles (384-322): Substanz, Qualität, Quantität, Relation, Ort. Haben, Tun, Leiden - Kant (1724-1804): Qualität, Quantität, Relation, Modalität - Lotze (1891): Ding, Eigenschaft, Tätigkeit, Relation Unter Kategorien versteht man die allgemeinsten Stammbegriffe des Verstandes, unter welchen alle Gegenstände der Erfahrung fallen und von denen die übrigen Begriffe abgeleitet werden können. Für die Informationspraxis sind die ursprünglichen philosophischen Kategorien modifiziert worden.
- Pages
- S.22-33
- Series
- Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.9
- Source
- Wissensorganisation und Verantwortung: Gesellschaftliche, ökonomische und technische Aspekte. Proceedings der 9. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Duisburg, 5.-7. November 2004. Hrsg. von H.P. Ohly u.a
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Elling, E.: Darstellung der Entwicklung klassifikatorischer Fähigkeiten im Rahmen der Piagetschen Theorie (1985)
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- Imprint
- Münster : Inst. für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft & MAKS Publ.
- Source
- Studien zur Klassifikation, Systematik und Terminologie: Theorie und Praxis. Akten der 6. Arbeitstagung des Münsteraner Arbeitskreises für Semiotik, Münster, 25.-26.9.1984
-
Baxmann, E.-M.: Methoden und Probleme der Terminologienormung (1985)
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- Imprint
- Münster : Inst. für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft & MAKS Publ.
- Source
- Studien zur Klassifikation, Systematik und Terminologie: Theorie und Praxis. Akten der 6. Arbeitstagung des Münsteraner Arbeitskreises für Semiotik, Münster, 25.-26.9.1984
-
Herrmann, T.: Sprechen und Sprachverstehen (1990)
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- Abstract
- Dieser Lehrbuchaufsatz beschreibt die Prozesse des Sprechens und Hörens im Rahmen der allgemeinpsychologischen Konzepte der Wahrnehmung, des Denkens, des Lernens und des Gedächtnisses
- Source
- Lehrbuch Allgemeine Psychologie. Hrsg.: H. Spada
-
Dahlberg, I.: Wissensorganisation und Wissensrepräsentation (1986)
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- Abstract
- Bennenung und Begriff von 'Wissen' spielen im Bereich der Klassifikation eine wesentliche Rolle, da Klassifikationssysteme und Thesauri als Wissensordnungen verstanden werden können, deren Komponenten Wissenseinheiten (Begriffe) sind und diese wiederum aus Wissenselementen (Merkmalen) bestehen. In der Terminologie des Gebiets der Künstlichen Intelligenz tauchen nunmehr ebenfalls Komposita mit 'Wissen' auf. Es wird versucht, den augenfälligen Berührungspunkten dieser beiden Tätigkeitsbereiche nachzugehen und die Folgerungen aus dem 'know-how' beider Richtungen im Sinne einer möglichen gegenseitigen Hilfestellung aufzuzeigen
- Source
- Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Bibliothekswesen und Dokumentation des Landbaues. 1986, H.40, S.55-63
-
Schantz, R.: Sinnliche versus begriffliche Repräsentation (1998)
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- Abstract
- Eine überzeugende Verteidigung der Repräsentationstheorie des Geistes erfordert eine prinzipielle Unterscheidung zwischen zwei Arten von Repräsentationen: zwischen sinnlichen und begrifflichen Repräsentationen. Zunächst werde ich mich mit Auffassungen befassen, die sich einer klaren Trennung zwischen sinnlichen und kognitiven Prozessen widersetzen. Im Zentrum der Debatte stehen die von David Armstrong, George Pitcher und Daniel Dennett vertretenen Glaubenstheorien der sinnlichen Erfahrung. Diese Autoren versuchen, die Erfahrung auf ein epistemisches Begriffsrepertoire zurückzuführen, indem sie sie mit dem Erwerb von Meinungen, Neigungen zu Meinungen, unterdrückten Neigungen zu Meinungen oder unbewußten Meinungen über die Dinge identifizieren. Ich zeige, daß epistemische Analysen der Erfahrung zum Scheitern verurteilt sind, weil Meinungen, Urteile oder Gedanken für die Erfahrung nicht wesentlich sind. Erfahrungen rufen zwar im allgemeinen Meinungen hervor, aber sie sind nicht auf Meinungen zurückführbar. Obwohl wir gewöhnlich eine Reihe von Meinungen über die Gegenstände, die wir wahrnehmen, erwerben, so ist doch die Wahrnehmung in ihrem grundlegenden Sinn von solchen Meinungen logisch unabhängig. Nach der Kritik an den Glaubenstheorien der sinnlichen Erfahrung arbeite ich den wesentlichen Unterschied zwischen der sinnlichen Wahrnehmung und Erfahrung einerseits und Überzeugungen, Urteilen und Gedanken andererseits, kurzum zwischen sinnlichen und begrifflichen Repräsentationen, heraus. Der Unterschied zwischen einer sinnlichen und einer begrifflichen Repräsentation kann durch den Unterschied zwischen einem Bild von einem Sachverhalt und einer Aussage über diesen Sachverhalt illustriert werden. Schließlich lege ich dar, daß und wie man den bildhaften, piktorialen Charakter von sinnlichen Repräsentationen ernst nehmen kann, ohne sich dadurch zu der mysteriösen Annahme verleiten zu lassen, daß die Erfahrung Bilder im Geiste oder im Kopf beinhaltet.
- Series
- Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.5
- Source
- Herausforderungen an die Wissensorganisation: Visualisierung, multimediale Dokumente, Internetstrukturen. 5. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Berlin, 07.-10. Oktober 1997. Hrsg.: H. Czap u.a
-
Rahmstorf, G.: Visualisierung : Vom Begriff zum Bild (1998)
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- Abstract
- Unter Visualisierung wird hier die planende Gestaltung und zeichnerische Realisierung eines Bildes nach einer sprachlich vermittelten Vorgabe eines Themas verstanden. Der Beitrag grenzt diese Aufgabenstellung von anderen Ausgangssituationen beim Zeichnen ab. Im Hauptteil dieser Arbeit wird ein kognitives Modell des Visualisierungsprozesses entworfen. Dabei werden verschiedene Phasen von der Erkennung der Vorgabe bis zur visuellen Wahrnehmung der schon soweit realisierten Zeichnung unterschieden. Aus einer begrifflichen Repräsentation des Themas entsteht über Erinnerungsbilder und Vorstellungsbilder das innere Bild der Zeichnung. Mit der Beschreibung des Modells werden grundlegende Fragen nach dem Zusammenwirken von begrifflichen und bildhaften Repräsentationen aufgeworfen und diskutiert.
- Series
- Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.5
- Source
- Herausforderungen an die Wissensorganisation: Visualisierung, multimediale Dokumente, Internetstrukturen. 5. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Berlin, 07.-10. Oktober 1997. Hrsg.: H. Czap u.a
-
Dahlberg, I.: Begriffs- und Definitionstheorie in ihrem Zusammenhang (1985)
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- Imprint
- Münster : Inst. für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft & MAKS Publ.
- Source
- Studien zur Klassifikation, Systematik und Terminologie: Theorie und Praxis. Akten der 6. Arbeitstagung des Münsteraner Arbeitskreises für Semiotik, Münster, 25.-26.9.1984
-
Dahlberg, I.: Zur Begriffskultur in den Sozialwissenschaften : Evaluation einer Herausforderung (2006)
0.07
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- Abstract
- Aufgrund eines Vortrags über Begriffs- und Definitionstheorie, den ich bei der Tagung über Begriffsanalyse in Darmstadt 1986 gehalten hatte (Dahlberg 1987), wandte sich der damalige Mitherausgeber der Zeitschrift Ethik und Sozialwissenschaften, Dr. Rainer Greshoff, 1990 an mich mit der Bitte, einen ähnlichen Beitrag als Hauptartikel für seine Zeitschrift zu schreiben. Ich sagte zu mit der Absicht im Hinterkopf, dabei auch meine Erfahrungen mit der sozial-wissenschaftlichen Terminologie, die ich bei COCTA, dem Committee for Conceptual and Terminological Analysis (Vorsitz Prof. Dr. Fred Riggs, Hawaii) (Riggs 1982) gemacht hatte, einzubringen. Hinzu kam, dass mir gerade zu diesem Zeitpunkt das Werk von Stefan Andreski in die Hände gefallen war, betitelt: "Die Hexenmeister der Sozialwissenschaften. Missbrauch, Mode und Manipulation einer Wissenschaft", (Andreski 1974) der sozusagen "kein Blatt vor den Mund nimmt" und überaus mutig und an vielen Beispielen die Misere der sozialwissenschaftlichen Terminologie offenbar macht. Ich hoffte daher, in einem entsprechenden Beitrag mehr Bewusstsein für eine begriffsorientierte, systematische Terminologie der Sozialwissenschaften zu wecken. In gewisser Weise war für mich dabei die Lösung von Prof. Riggs mit seiner "Onomantik" (Riggs 1985) vorbildlich. Er ging nämlich davon aus, dass der sog. semasiologische Ansatz, bei dem nach der Bedeutung eines Wortes gefragt wird, unbrauchbar für sein Verständnis sei (und das nicht nur in den Sozialwissenschaften), man müsse vielmehr umgekehrt onomasiologisch vorgehen und sich zunächst über einen Begriff klar werden, der mit einem Wort (oder einem Wort in einem Kontext) verbunden ist und seine mögliche Definition finden und dann erst dafür eine Benennung suchen. Aus Zeitmangel entstand mein Beitrag erst 1995. Herr Dr. Greshoff konnte - entsprechend der Methode seiner Zeitschrift - zu meinem Beitrag eine größere Anzahl von Kritikern finden und diese dann auch noch durch eine Replik der Autorin erwidern lassen und mit einer Metakritik eines Nichtinvolvierten das Ganze beenden. In meinem Fall waren es 27 Persönlichkeiten aus 10 verschiedenen Disziplinen und Herr Prof. Dr. Endruweit als Metakritiker. Der Beitrag umfasste die Seiten 3-91 (DIN A4 Format) in Heft 1-1996 unter dem Titel "Zur Begriffskultur in den Sozialwissenschaften. Lassen sich ihre Probleme lösen?" (Dahlberg 1996). Ich war überzeugt, dass sich ihre Probleme mit meiner vorgeschlagenen Methode lösen lassen. Doch meine Kritiker waren es leider nicht. Und über das Warum - davon wird mein Vortrag heute handeln.
- Series
- Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.9
- Source
- Wissensorganisation und Verantwortung: Gesellschaftliche, ökonomische und technische Aspekte. Proceedings der 9. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Duisburg, 5.-7. November 2004. Hrsg. von H.P. Ohly u.a
-
Sechser, O.: Modi der Bedeutung von Elementarausdrücken in Retrieval-Sprachen (1979)
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- Abstract
- Denotation und Intension sind die bevorzugten Bedeutungsmode für Sprachen mit fixem semantischem Universum und ohne Polysemie (formale Sprachen, terminologische Subsets von Fachsprachen). Je nach dem philosophischen Standpunkt und dem methodologischen Ansatz können diese Modi unterschiedlich, manchmal auch präziser definiert und unterteilt werden. Bei der Auswahl von Ausdrücken für thematische und informationsinhaltliche Beschreibung von Texten spielt der Modus der Konnotation eine besondere Rolle. Durch Untersuchung der relevanzvermittelten Konnotation wird Einblick in die innere semantische Struktur der untersuchten Retrieval-Sprache gewonnen
- Source
- Klassifikation und Erkenntnis II. Proc. der Plenarvorträge und der Sektion 2 u. 3 "Wissensdarstellung und Wissensvermittlung" der 3. Fachtagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Königstein/Ts., 5.-6.4.1979
-
Mudersbach, K.: Begriffe aus der Sicht des Sprachbenutzers (1994)
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- Source
- Begriffliche Wissensverarbeitung: Grundfragen und Aufgaben. Hrsg.: R. Wille u. M. Zickwolff
-
Diemer, A.: Gegenstandstheoretische Grundlagen der Klassifikation (1977)
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- Abstract
- Was immer Gegenstand eines Themas oder einer sonstigen Befassung werden kann und wie immer man thematisiert, immer sind zwei Grundvoraussetzungen zu machen: daß es um ein 'Etwas' geht und daß dieses Etwas in einem 'Rahmen' zu sehen ist. Als konstitutive Elemente für jede Thematisierung werden drei Momente genannt: das Etwas (Elementale), die Relation (Interale) und das Ganze (Totale). Diese drei Momente werden mit ihren besonderen Eigenschaften beschrieben. Jedes kann zur Basis eines speziellen Ansatzes werden, jedes kann in elementarer oder komplexer Form vorkommen. Schließlich werden diese auch als Momente einer primären und einer sekundären Gegenstandslehre gesehen, wobei die letztere die Intentionalgegenstände betrifft, die eine Sinngebung anstreben
- Footnote
- Auch u.d.T. 'Studien zur allgemeinen Ordnungslehre' in: International Classification 1(1974) S.61-68
- Source
- Prinzipien der Klassifikation. Proc. der 1. Fachtagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Münster, 4.6.1977. Red.: I. Dahlberg u.a
-
Rahmstorf, G.: Wege zur Ontologie (2006)
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- Abstract
- Ontologie ist in der Philosophie die Auseinandersetzung mit der Frage, welche Arten von Gegenständen existieren und in welcher Weise sie existieren. Ein zentrales Thema ist z. B., ob es geistige Gegenstände, z. B. Gedanken, Ideen, Begriffe, Vorstellungen u. a. gibt und wie ihre Existenz begründet wird. Neuerdings wird mit dem Wort "Ontologie" eine andere, etwas konkretere Bedeutung verbunden. Unter einer Ontologie werden die allgemeinsten Begriffe eines Fachgebiets verstanden. So gehören zur Ontologie des Organischen u. a. "Pflanze", "Tier" und "Mensch". Wenn der Begriff "Tier" schon gegeben ist, lassen sich daraus andere Begriffe, z. B. "Wirbeltier", "Reptil", "Säugetier" usw. spezifizierend durch Angabe weiterer Merkmale bilden. Außerdem können Begriffsbeziehungen und andere formale Mittel zu Ontologien gehören. Ontologie ist danach die Methode, durch die die Begriffswelt eines Sachgebiets bestimmt wird, und insbesondere das Ergebnis dieser Methode: die Struktur aus Begriffen höchster Allgemeinheit, die mit dieser Methode erstellt wird. Das Wort "Ontologie" kann jedoch unterschiedlich verstanden wird. Es bezeichnet auch die Gesamtheit aller Begriffe, die zum Untersuchungsgegenstand gehören. Die Ontologie umfasst dann alles, was an Begriffen aus einer bestimmten Aufgabenstellung betrachtet bzw. erarbeitet wird. Zu einer Ontologie der Elektronik würden alle Begriffe dieses Gebietes gehören. Mit einem so weit gefassten Verständnis des Wortes "Ontologie" wird die Fokussierung auf die Kategorien größter Allgemeinheit der hierarchisch gegliederten Begriffswelt aufgegeben. Außerdem würde eine so verstandene Ontologie mit der Tatsache der Unabgrenzbarkeit des Wortschatzes belastet werden. Komposita können im Deutschen quasi unbegrenzt erweitert werden. Es gibt nicht nur den Kamin und den Kaminfeger, sondern auch die Kaminfegerarbeitskleidungsreinigungsfirma und dergleichen mehr. Komposita sind unverzichtbar. Ihre maximale Länge ist nicht festgelegt. Die Benennungen für Stoffe in der Chemie zeigen, dass man in dieser Fachsprache durchaus problemlos mit sehr langen Zusammensetzungen kommuniziert. Aber die Ontologen werden nicht daran interessiert sein, ihre Untersuchungen bis in die Tiefen aller Fachgebiete auszudehnen. Kurzum "Ontologie" sollte sich auf Begriffe höchster Allgemeinheit beziehen. Das entspricht der engeren Bedeutung des Wortes "Ontologie". Die Unterbegriffe dieser Top-Level-Begriffe können natürlich ebenfalls für Ontologen von Interesse sein, weil sie zeigen, welches Begriffsbildungspotenzial die verschiedenen Top-Level-Begriffe haben. Der Schwerpunkt des Interesses der Ontologen sollte aber auf den Begriffen liegen, die nicht weiter zurückführbar sind.
- Series
- Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.9
- Source
- Wissensorganisation und Verantwortung: Gesellschaftliche, ökonomische und technische Aspekte. Proceedings der 9. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Duisburg, 5.-7. November 2004. Hrsg. von H.P. Ohly u.a
-
Dahlberg, I.: Begriffsarbeit in der Wissensorganisation (2010)
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- Abstract
- Ausgehend von der Notwendigkeit, das Wissen der Wissensorganisation in ihren Wissenseinheiten (Begriffen) zu erfassen, wird auf Vorgängerarbeiten (E.Wüster, F.Riggs) hingewiesen. Für die notwendigen Arbeiten wird der noematische Wissensbegriff herangezogen und es wird gezeigt, wie begriffsanalytisch (merkmalsbezogen und durch Merkmale auch systembildend) an eine mögliche Begriffsarbeit herangegangen werden sollte. Die sieben notwendigen Schritte hierzu werden erläutert.
- Series
- Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.11
- Source
- Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen: Nachhaltigkeit - Verfügbarkeit - semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008. Hrsg.: J. Sieglerschmidt u. H.P.Ohly
-
Stock, W.: Begriffe und semantische Relationen in der Wissensrepräsentation (2009)
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- Abstract
- Begriffsorientiertes Information Retrieval bedarf einer informationswissenschaftlichen Theorie der Begriffe sowie der semantischen Relationen. Ein Begriff wird durch seine Intension und Extension sowie durch Definitionen bestimmt. Dem Problem der Vagheit begegnen wir durch die Einführung von Prototypen. Wichtige Definitionsarten sind die Begriffserklärung (nach Aristoteles) und die Definition über Familienähnlichkeiten (im Sinne Wittgensteins). Wir modellieren Begriffe als Frames (in der Version von Barsalou). Die zentrale paradigmatische Relation in Wissensordnungen ist die Hierarchie, die in verschiedene Arten zu gliedern ist: Hyponymie zerfällt in die Taxonomie und die einfache Hyponymie, Meronymie in eine ganze Reihe unterschiedlicher Teil-Ganzes-Beziehungen. Wichtig für praktische Anwendungen ist die Transitivität der jeweiligen Relation. Eine unspezifische Assoziationsrelation ist bei den angepeilten Anwendungen wenig hilfreich und wird durch ein Bündel von generalisierbaren und fachspezifischen Relationen ersetzt. Unser Ansatz fundiert neue Optionen der Anwendung von Wissensordnungen in der Informationspraxis neben ihrem "klassischen" Einsatz beim Information Retrieval: Erweiterung von Suchanfragen (Anwendung der semantischen Nähe), automatisches Schlussfolgern (Anwendung der terminologischen Logik in Vorbereitung eines semantischen Web) und automatische Berechnungen (bei Funktionalbegriffen mit numerischen Wertangaben).
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 60(2009) H.8, S.403-420
-
Friedlmeier, W.: ¬Der Begriff der 'Begriffskultur' aus konstruktivistischer Perspektive (1996)
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- Source
- Ethik und Sozialwissenschaften. 7(1996) H.1, S.23-25
-
Fugmann, R.: ¬Die Nützlichkeit von semantischen Kategorien auf dem Gebiet der Informationsbereitstellung (2006)
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- Abstract
- Unter den verschiedenen Möglichkeiten, das Wissen der Menschen zu ordnen, um sich den Überblick darüber zu erhalten, haben die Kategorien schon seit dem Altertum eine wichtige Rolle gespielt. Speziell auf dem Gebiet des Bibliothekswesens und der Informationsbereitstellung hat Ranganathan (1967) mit der Einführung von "Fundamental Categories" (Personality, Matter, Energy, Space, Time) schon in den 30-er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts neue Wege beschritten, ohne damit allerdings große Resonanz in der Fachwelt auszulösen zu können. Im traditionellen Bibliothekswesen hätte der Übergang auf ein kategoriengestütztes Informationssystem dieser Art wohl eine allzu große Umstellung bewirkt. Bei einem Neubeginn, wie er in der jüngeren Vergangenheit zu vielen Malen stattgefunden hat, hat man sich in Unkenntnis oder Abneigung dem Einsatz dieses ordnungschaffenden Werkzeuge verschlossen. Dabei lassen sich gerade bei der Verfügbarkeit von Computertechnologie große Fortschritte erzielen, wenn sich die Indexsprachen auf eine Gruppe von semantischen Kategorien stützen. Die Gestaltung und Fortentwicklung solcher Sprachen zu hoher Effizienz ist sogar ohne ein Fundament von semantischen Kategorien noch nicht gelungen und auch nicht denkbar. Bei den semantischen Kategorien handelt es sich um Begriffstypen, welche auf dem betreffenden Gebiet in den dortigen Publikationen und Fragestellungen eine besonders große Rolle spielen und deswegen besondere Aufmerksamkeit erfordern. In Ergänzung der Ausführungen von Bauer (2004) zu den Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Kategorien in der Wissensorganisation allgemein werden nachfolgend sieben Anwendungen eines Konzepts von semantischen Kategorien kurz erörtert. Sie haben in einem Großsystem zum Patentwesen in der Chemie zu einem Informationssystem von bisher noch immer unübertroffen großer Leistungsfähigkeit geführt. Das ursprüngliche ranganathansche Kategorienkonzept für das Bibliothekswesen ist dort dem Bedarf auf dem Gebiet der reinen und angewandten Chemie angepasst worden (vgl. Fugmann 1999, S. 23, 49-64). Es umfasst: STOFF, LEBEWESEN, Vorrichtung, VORGANG, ATTRIBUT von den vorgenannten kategorialen Gegenständen, d.h. Eigenschaft und Verwendung von Stoff, Lebewesen, Vorrichtung, Vorgang. Nachfolgend werden sieben solcher Einsatzmöglichkeiten in einem System zur gezielten Informationsbereitstellung aufgezählt: 1. Die Definition von schlagwörtern oder Deskriptoren 2. Der Inhalt der Indexsprache 3. Das Ordnen des Wortschatzes der Indexsprache 4. Der Unterteilungsgesichtspunkt 5. Die Begriffsanalyse 6. Die Begriffssynthese 7. Die Vermeidung unerfüllbarer Suchbedingungen
- Series
- Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.9
- Source
- Wissensorganisation und Verantwortung: Gesellschaftliche, ökonomische und technische Aspekte. Proceedings der 9. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Duisburg, 5.-7. November 2004. Hrsg. von H.P. Ohly u.a
-
Felgner, U.: ¬Die Begriffe der Äquivalenz, der Gleichheit und der Identität (2020)
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- Abstract
- "Der Begriff der Gleichheit ist uns Mathematikern vielleicht der geläufigste; dennoch läßt sich schwer sagen, was wir unter ihm verstehen." - Mit diesem Satz beginnt GERHARD HESSENBERG sein Buch über die .Grundlagen der Geometrie' ([24], Berlin, 1930, §1). Er kommt nach einer ausführlichen Diskussion zum Schluß, daß die Relation der Gleichheit nichts anderes als eine Äquivalenzrelation sei, also eine symmetrische, transitive und reflexive Relation, und daß auch umgekehrt jede symmetrische, transitive und reflexive Relation eine Gleichheitsbeziehung sei. Die Begriffe Gleichheit und Äquivalenz wären demnach synonym. Schaut man im .Mathematischen Wörterbuch' von J. NAAS & H.L. SCHMID (Berlin, 1967) nach, so findet man unter dem Stichwort Gleichheit (p. 639) genau dieselbe Definition: "Die Gleichheit ist eine Äquivalenzrelation und umgekehrt kann jede Äquivalenzrelation als eine besondere Art von Gleichheit aufgefaßt werden."
- Content
- Vgl. die Ergänzung zur Verfügbarkeit unter Open access unter: Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung. 123(2021) H.3, S.217-218. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1365/s13291-020-00214-0.
- Source
- Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung. 122(2020) H.2, S.109-129
-
Gipper, H.: Sprachliche Voraussetzungen wissenschaftlicher Begriffsbildung (1977)
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- Abstract
- Erörterung der Funktionen von 'Wort' und 'Name' sowie der vorwissenschaftlichen und wissenschaftlichen Begriffe und ihrer Termini. Darlegung der Äußerung klassifikatorischen Wissens in den Gliederungen der Alltagssprache, des Stellenwertes der wissenschaftlichen Begriffe in Denksystemen und der sprachlichen Formen bei neuen Begriffen. Bedeutung der Grundbegriffe als Ordnungsfaktoren des Verstehens
- Source
- Prinzipien der Klassifikation. Proc. der 1. Fachtagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Münster, 4.6.1977. Red.: I. Dahlberg u.a
