Search (30 results, page 1 of 2)

  • × theme_ss:"Suchtaktik"
  1. Smith, P.J.; Shute, S.J.; Galdes, D.: Knowledge-based search tactics for an intelligent intermediary system (1989) 0.04 
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    Source
    ACM transactions on information systems. 7(1989) no.7, S.246-270
    Year
    1989
  2. Toms, E.G.: What motivates the browser? (1999) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Browsing is considered to be unstructured and human-driven, although not a cognitively intensive process. It is conducted using systems that facilitate considerable user-system interactivity. Cued by the content, people immerse themselves in a topic of interest and meander from topic to topic while concurrently recognising interesting and informative information en route. They seem to seek and gather information in a purposeless, illogical and indiscriminate manner. Typical examples of these ostensibly random acts are scanning a non-fiction book, examining the morning newspaper, perusing the contents of a business report and scavenging the World Wide Web. Often the result is the acquisition of new information, the rejection or confirmation of an idea, or the genesis of new, perhaps not-wholly-formed thoughts about a topic. Noteworthy about this approach is that people explore information without having consciously structured queries or explicit goals. This form of passive information interaction behaviour is defined as acquiring and gathering information while scanning an information space without a specific goal in mind (Waterworth & Chignell, 1991; Toms, 1997), and for the purposes of this study, is called browsing. Traditionally, browsing is thought of in two ways: as a physical process - the action taken when one scans a list, a document, or a set of linked information nodes (e.g., Fox & Palay, 1979; Thompson & Croft, 1989; Ellis, 1989), and as a conceptual process, information seeking when the goal is ill-defined (e.g., Cove & Walsh, 1987). Browsing is also combined with searching in an integrated information-seeking process for retrieving information (e.g., Ellis, 1989; Belkin, Marchetti & Cool, 1993; Marchionini, 1995; Chang, 1995). Each of these cases focuses primarily on seeking information when the objective ranges from fuzzy to explicit.
    Date
    22. 3.2002 9:44:47
  3. Pejtersen, A.M.: ¬The Book House : Modelling user's needs and search strategies as a basis for system design (1989) 0.03 
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    Year
    1989
  4. Byström, K.: Information seekers in context : an analysis of the 'doer' in INSU studies (1999) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    In information needs, seeking and use (INSU) research, individuals have most commonly been perceived as users (e.g., Kuhlthau, 1991; Dervin & Nilan, 1986; Dervin, 1989; Belkin, 1980). The concept user originates from the user of libraries and other information services and information systems. Over the years the scope of the concept has become wider and it is nowadays often understood in the sense of seekers of information (e.g., Wilson, 1981; Marchionini, 1995) and users of information (e.g., Streatfield, 1983). Nevertheless, the concept has remained ambiguous by being on the one hand universal and on the other hand extremely specific. The purpose of this paper is to map and evaluate views on people whose information behaviour has been in one way or another the core of our research area. The goal is to shed some light on various relationships between the different aspects of doers in INSU studies. The paper is inspired by Dervin's (1997) analysis of context where she identified among other themes the nature of subject by contrasting a `transcendental individual' with a `decentered subject', and Talja's (1997) presentation about constituting `information' and `user' from the discourse analytic viewpoint as opposed to the cognitive viewpoint. Instead of the metatheoretical approach applied by Dervin and Talja, a more concrete approach is valid in the present analysis where no direct arguments for or against the underlying metatheories are itemised. The focus is on doers in INSU studies leaving other, even closely-related concepts (i.e., information, information seeking, knowledge etc.), outside the scope of the paper.
    Date
    22. 3.2002 9:55:52
  5. Ennis, M.; Sutcliffe, A.G.; Watkinson, S.J.: Towards a predictive model of information seeking : empirical studies of end-user-searching (1999) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Previous empirical studies of searcher behaviour have drawn attention to a wide variety of factors that affect performance; for instance, the display of retrieved results can alter search strategies (Allen 1991, 1994), the information need type influences search behaviour, (Elkerton et al 1984, Marchionini 1995); while the task complexity, reflected in the information need can affect user's search behaviour (Large et al 1994). Furthermore, information source selection (Bassilli 1977), and the user's model of the system and domain impact on the search process (Michel 1994); while motivation (Solomon 1993, Jacobsen et al 1992) and the importance of the information need (Wendt 1969) also influence search duration and the effort a user will employ. Rouse and Rouse (1984) in a review of empirical studies, summarise a wide variety of variables that can effect searching behaviour, including payoff, costs of searching, resource available, amount of information sought, characteristics of the data and conflicts between documents. It appears that user behaviour is inconsistent in the search strategies adopted even for the same search need and system (Davidson 1977, Iivonen 1995). Theories of searcher behaviour have been proposed that provide explanations of aspects of end-user behaviour, such as the evolution of the user's information need and the problems of articulating a query, [Bates (1979, 1989), Markey and Atherton 1978], effective search strategies in browsing and goal directed searches [Marchionini 1995, Belkin (1987, 1993)], the linguistic problem of matching search terms with indexing terms or content of target documents through an expert intermediary (Ingwersen 1982) or cognitive aspects of IR (Kulthau 1984, Ingwersen 1996).
    Date
    22. 3.2002 9:54:13
  6. Marchionini, G.: Information-seeking strategies of novices using a full-text electronic encyclopedia (1989) 0.02 
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    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 40(1989) no.1, S.54-66
    Year
    1989
  7. Vakkari, P.: Task complexity, information types, search strategies and relevance : integrating studies on information retrieval and seeking (1999) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Research in information science aims to comprehend the facilitation of access to information for supporting purposeful action. The major themes to be addressed have been how information is organized for access, how it is retrieved from storage, and how it is sought out and used for various purposes. Two central research areas in the field are information retrieval (IR) and information seeking (IS) (Vakkari & Rochester, 1998). Although intuitively the fields seem to be overlapping, their research communities have been active in their own enclosures. Few researchers have visited the neighboring side. However, there are researchers (Bates, 1989; Belkin & Vickery, 1986; Belkin, 1993; Ellis, 1989; Ingwersen, 1992, 1996; Järvelin 1987; Kuhlthau, 1993; Marchionini, 1995; Saracevic & Kantor, 1988) who have stressed the need to connect results from both research traditions. IR can be seen as a part of a broader process of information seeking. By IS is understood a process of searching, obtaining and using information for a purpose (e.g., form a solution for a task) when a person does not have sufficient prior knowledge. By 1R is understood the use of an information system for obtaining relevant information for a purpose (e.g., a task). This implies that information systems are a specific means among other sources and channels for obtaining information.
  8. Morse, P.M.: Search theory and browsing (1970) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 5.2005 19:53:09
  9. Morse, P.M.: Browsing and search theory (1973) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 5.2005 19:52:29
  10. Branch, J.L.: Investigating the information-seeking process of adolescents : the value of using think alouds and think afters (2000) 0.01 
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    Source
    Library and information science research. 22(2000) no.4, S.371-382
  11. Pejtersen, A.M.: Design of a classification scheme for fiction based on an analysis of actual user-librarian communication, and use of the scheme for control of librarians' search strategies (1980) 0.00 
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    Date
    5. 8.2006 13:22:44
  12. Hsieh-Yee, I.: Search tactics of Web users in searching for texts, graphics, known items and subjects : a search simulation study (1998) 0.00 
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    Date
    25.12.1998 19:22:31
  13. Limberg, L.: Three conceptions of information seeking and use (1999) 0.00 
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    Date
    22. 3.2002 9:53:10
  14. Lin, S.-j.; Belkin, N.: Validation of a model of information seeking over multiple search sessions (2005) 0.00 
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    Date
    10. 4.2005 14:52:22
  15. Koopmans, N.I.: What's your question? : The need for research information from the perspective of different user groups (2002) 0.00 
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    Date
    2. 7.2005 12:22:50
  16. Crestani, F.; Du, H.: Written versus spoken queries : a qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis (2006) 0.00 
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    Date
    5. 6.2006 11:22:23
  17. Xu, Y.: ¬The dynamics of interactive information retrieval behavior : part I: an activity theory perspective (2007) 0.00 
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    Date
    27. 5.2007 13:55:22
  18. Lee, S.-S.; Theng, Y.-L.; Goh, D.H.-L.: Creative information seeking : part II: empirical verification (2007) 0.00 
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    Date
    23.12.2007 12:22:16
  19. Saastamoinen, M.; Järvelin, K.: Search task features in work tasks of varying types and complexity (2017) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Information searching in practice seldom is an end in itself. In work, work task (WT) performance forms the context, which information searching should serve. Therefore, information retrieval (IR) systems development/evaluation should take the WT context into account. The present paper analyzes how WT features: task complexity and task types, affect information searching in authentic work: the types of information needs, search processes, and search media. We collected data on 22 information professionals in authentic work situations in three organization types: city administration, universities, and companies. The data comprise 286 WTs and 420 search tasks (STs). The data include transaction logs, video recordings, daily questionnaires, interviews. and observation. The data were analyzed quantitatively. Even if the participants used a range of search media, most STs were simple throughout the data, and up to 42% of WTs did not include searching. WT's effects on STs are not straightforward: different WT types react differently to WT complexity. Due to the simplicity of authentic searching, the WT/ST types in interactive IR experiments should be reconsidered.
  20. Vakkari, P.; Pennanen, M.; Serola, S.: Changes of search terms and tactics while writing a research proposal : a longitudinal case study (2003) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The study analyses how students' growing understanding of the topic and search experience were related to their choice of search tactics and terms while preparing a research proposal for a small empirical study. In addition to that, the findings of the study are used to test Vakkari's (2001) theory of task-based IR. The research subjects were 22 students of psychology attending a seminar for preparing the proposal. They made a search for their task in PsychINFO database at the beginning and end of the seminar. Data were collected in several ways. A pre- and post-search interview was conducted in both sessions. The students were asked to think aloud in the sessions. This was recorded as were the transaction logs. The results show that search experience was slightly related to the change of facets. Although the students' vocabulary of the topic grew generating an increased use of specific terms between the sessions, their use of search tactics and operators remained fairly constant. There was no correlation between the terms and tactics used and the total number of useful references found. By comparing these results with the findings of relevant earlier studies the conclusion was drawn that domain knowledge has an impact on searching assuming that users have a sufficient command of the system used. This implies that the tested theory of task-based IR is valid on condition that the searchers are experienced. It is suggested that the theory should be enriched by including search experience in its scope.

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