-
Sixtus, M.: Füttern erlaubt : Webseiten versorgen zunehmend "Feedreader" mit Informationen - das erlaubt gezieltes Lesen statt langem Surfen (2003)
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- 26. 9.2003 12:42:22
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Sixtus, M.: ¬Das Gemeinschaftsnetz : Im Wiki-Web können alle Surfer Seiten umschreiben und hinzufügen - so entstehen ganze Enzyklopädien (2003)
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- Date
- 17. 7.1996 9:33:22
-
Klimes, T.: ¬Der Freunde-Verkäufer : Mark Zuckerberg handelt mit Privatdaten - nun umgarnt ihn die globale Werbewirtschaft (2008)
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- Source
- Frankfurter Rundschau. Nr.22 vom 26.1.2008, S.48
-
Berberich, C.: Wie das Netz zwitschert : Zuerst wollten sich nur Freunde über Twitter austauschen - heute nutzen es Politiker und Firmen (2009)
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- Date
- 3. 5.1997 8:44:22
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Lischka, K.: Scherzbolde im Whitehouse.net : Die neuen Internet-Adressen wie .info oder.biz brachten nicht die erhoffte Systematik in das Netz (2003)
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- Date
- 22. 2.2003 9:55:44
-
Human perspectives in the Internet society : culture, psychology and gender; International Conference on Human Perspectives in the Internet Society <1, 2004, Cádiz> (2004)
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- 303.48/33 22 (LoC)
- DDC
- 303.48/33 22 (LoC)
-
Deussen, N.: Sogar der Mars könnte bald eine virutelle Heimat bekommen : Gut 4,2 Milliarden sind nicht genug: Die sechste Version des Internet-Protokolls schafft viele zusätzliche Online-Adressen (2001)
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- Source
- Frankfurter Rundschau. Nr.79 vom 3.4.2001, S.29
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Misslbeck, A.: ¬Der Sesam öffnet sich :-) (2003)
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- Date
- 1.11.2003 18:29:25
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Hirko, B.; Ross, M.B.: Virtual reference training : the complete guide to providing anytime anywhere answers (2004)
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- 22.10.2005 19:29:16
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Lipow, A.G.: ¬The virtual reference librarian's handbook (2003)
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- 22. 3.2004 14:46:50
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Baumgärtel, T.: "Mosaic" der Datenwelt : Vor zehn Jahren erschien der erste einfache Webbrowser - und damit die Grundlage für den Erfolg des Internets (2003)
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- Content
- "Kornfelder. Nichts als Kornfelder, so weit das Auge reichte. Das sah Tim Berners-Lee aus dem Autofenster, als er auf dem Weg zum National Center of Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) in Urbana-Champaign zum ersten Mal in seinem Leben durch Illinois fuhr. Ein Elite-Informatik-Institut ist so ziemlich das Letzte, was man indem landwirtschaftlich geprägten amerikanischen Bundesstaat im mittleren Westen erwarten würde. Doch das NCSA spielt in der kurzen Geschichte des Internets eine entscheidende Rolle. An dem kaum bekannten Forschungsinstitut wurde vor zehn Jahren ein Computerprogramm entwickelt, dessen Bedeutung Technikhistoriker schon jetzt mit der der Dampfmaschine; oder des Telefons vergleichen: Am 22. April 1993 veröffentlichten Studenten und Mitarbeiter im Internet den Webbrowser "Mosaic" - eine Software, mit der man durch das Netz surfen kann. Auch wenn das Programm einer Öffentlichkeit jenseits von Informatikern und Netzfreaks unbekannt sein dürfte, ist seine Bedeutung gar nicht zu überschätzen: Vor "Mosaic" gab es auf der ganzen Welt einige hundert Websites, Ende 1993 waren es bereits einige tausend, und in den nächsten Jahren sollte sich ihre Zahl manchmal im Wochenrhythmus verdoppeln. Der Siegeszug des Internets begann mit "Mosaic". Das Programm hat das Internet zu einem Massenmedium gemacht. Ohne "Mosaic" gäbe es heute keine Online-Publizistik und keinen E-Commerce, kein Amazon und kein E-Bay. Nach einem halben Jahr hatten eine Million Internet-Surfer das Programm heruntergeladen. Heute finden sich Nachfolgerprogramme wie der "Netscape Navigator" oder der "Internet Explorer" auf so gut wie jedem Computer mit Internet-Anschluss. Schöpfer der historischen Software waren der Student Marc Andreessen und der wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiter Eric Bina: In einem Keller des NCSA hatte sie mit einigen Kommilitonen in nächtelangen Programmier-Sessions die erste Version von "Mosaic" geschrieben. Diese Leute wollte Tim Berners-Lee im März 1993 treffen, denn er war selbst der Schöpfer des World Wide Web (WWW): 1990 hatte der britische Physiker am Kernforschungszentrum Cern in Genf einige technische Regeln definiert, die es leichter machen sollten, im Internet, einem damals noch weitgehend unbekannten akademischen Computernetzwerk, Informationen zu veröffentlichen und zu lokalisieren. Das Web erfreute sich unter Wissenschaftlern schnell einer gewissen Beliebtheit, aber die Programme, mit denen man sich im WWW bewegte, waren für Laien zu schwierig und konnten nur Text anzeigen. "Mosaic" dagegen wurde per Mouse-Klick bedient und zeigte Bilder und Grafiken. Darauf hatte Berners-Lee schon seit einiger Zeit gewartet. Denn der Wissenschaftler mit dem bescheidenen, ja fast schüchternen Auftreten hatte eine große Vision: Er wollte aus dem Internet "ein einzigartiges, universelles und leicht zu bedienendes Hypertext-Medium machen, mit dem man jede Art von Information teilen kann, wie er später in Vorträgen und Interviews immer wieder betonte. Darum hatte er in der Anfang der 90er Jahre noch kleinen und unüberschaubaren InternetSzene geduldig und mit viel Diplomatie darauf hingearbeitet, dass sein Internet-Code namens Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) als Quasi-Standard für Daten im Web akzeptiert wurde. Nachdem ihm das gelungen war, musste nun ein Programm her, das die Daten lesen konnte. Berners-Lee unterstützte die Programmierer der ersten viel versprechenden Browser -"Cello", "Arena" oder "Lynx" - per E-Mail. Die Gruppe aus dem NSCA dagegen hatte es Anfang 1993 ganz unabhängig von ihm geschafft: ein Programm für das Internet, das nicht nur Informatiker bedienen konnten! Wie ein Besessener schrieb Andreessen, der sich zeitweise von Milch und Keksen ernährte, mit seinen Kommilitonen an immer neuen und verbesserten Versionen von "Mosaic".
-
Siegle, J.: @lles hat ein Ende : Im Sog der kriselnden Web-Wirtschaft kämpfen immer mehr Internet-Zeitschriften um ihr Überleben (2001)
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- Date
- 17. 7.1996 9:33:22
-
Janes, J.: Introduction to reference work in the digital age. (2003)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.11, S.1237-1238 (E. Yakel): "This book provides the profession with a cogent, thorough, and thoughtful introduction to digital reference. Janes not only provides the breadth of coverage expected in an introduction, but also depth into this important topic. Janes' approach is managerial or administrative, providing guidelines for reference work that can be applied in different settings. Janes creates a decision-making framework to help reference librarians make decisions concerning how, to what extent, and in what cases digital reference services will be delivered. In this way, Janes avoids dictating a "one-size-fits-all" model. This approach is the major strength of the book. Library administrators and heads of reference services will find the administrative approach welcome by helping them think through which digital reference policies and methods will best target core constituencies and their institutional environments. However, the book deserves a broader audience as professors will find that the book fits nicely in a general reference course. For all readers, the book is readable and engaging and also challenging and questioning. The book begins with a history of reference work, nicely positioning digital reference in this tradition and noting the changes wrought by the digital age. By doing this, the author establishes both continuity and change in reference work as well as the values surrounding this activity. These values are largely those from the library community and Support people's access to information as well as activities that support the use of information. Janes closes this chapter by noting that the continuing changes in demographics, technology, and connectivity will impact reference work in ways that are not yet imaginable. This introduction sets the tone for the rest of the book. Janes defines digital reference service as "the use of digital technologies and resources to provide direct, professional assistance to people who are seeking information, wherever and whenever they need it" (p. 29). This definition covers a lot of ground. Examples include everything from a public library answering email queries to commercial ask-an-expert services. While the primary audience is librarians, Janes continually reminds readers that many others perform reference activities an the World Wide Web. Furthermore, he cautions readers that there are larger forces shaping this activity in the world that need to acknowledged. In building a framework for decision-making, Janes outlines the types of digital reference service. This discussion covers the communieations modes, such as e-mail, chat, Web forms, etc. It also analyzes the modalities by which reference service is delivered: synchronous/ asynchronous. Using these two dimensions (communication method and synchronous/asynchronous), Janes presents the variety of contexts in which digital reference can take place and then outlines the strengths and weaknesses of each of these. This translates into a decision-making framework by which readers analyze their particular setting and then select the modes and modalities that world be most effective. This is a powerful device and demonstrates the many options (and perhaps also the obstacles) for providing digital reference service.
-
Eggert, L.; Quittek, J.; Stüttgen, H.: ¬Die Zukunft des Internets (2006)
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- Date
- 31.12.1996 19:29:41
-
Johannsen, J.: InetBib 2004 in Bonn : Tagungsbericht: (2005)
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- Date
- 22. 1.2005 19:05:37
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Bruce, H.: ¬The user's view of the Internet (2002)
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- Footnote
- Chapter 2 (Technology and People) focuses an several theories of technological acceptance and diffusion. Unfortunately, Bruce's presentation is somewhat confusing as he moves from one theory to next, never quite connecting them into a logical sequence or coherent whole. Two theories are of particular interest to Bruce: the Theory of Diffusion of Innovations and the Theory of Planned Behavior. The Theory of Diffusion of Innovations is an "information-centric view of technology acceptance" in which technology adopters are placed in the information flows of society from which they learn about innovations and "drive innovation adoption decisions" (p. 20). The Theory of Planned Behavior maintains that the "performance of a behavior is a joint function of intentions and perceived behavioral control" (i.e., how muck control a person thinks they have) (pp. 22-23). Bruce combines these two theories to form the basis for the Technology Acceptance Model. This model posits that "an individual's acceptance of information technology is based an beliefs, attitudes, intentions, and behaviors" (p. 24). In all these theories and models echoes a recurring theme: "individual perceptions of the innovation or technology are critical" in terms of both its characteristics and its use (pp. 24-25). From these, in turn, Bruce derives a predictive theory of the role personal perceptions play in technology adoption: Personal Innovativeness of Information Technology Adoption (PIITA). Personal inventiveness is defined as "the willingness of an individual to try out any new information technology" (p. 26). In general, the PIITA theory predicts that information technology will be adopted by individuals that have a greater exposure to mass media, rely less an the evaluation of information technology by others, exhibit a greater ability to cope with uncertainty and take risks, and requires a less positive perception of an information technology prior to its adoption. Chapter 3 (A Focus an Usings) introduces the User-Centered Paradigm (UCP). The UCP is characteristic of the shift of emphasis from technology to users as the driving force behind technology and research agendas for Internet development [for a dissenting view, see Andrew Dillion's (2003) challenge to the utility of user-centerness for design guidance]. It entails the "broad acceptance of the user-oriented perspective across a range of disciplines and professional fields," such as business, education, cognitive engineering, and information science (p. 34).
