-
Chen, K.-H.: Evaluating Chinese text retrieval with multilingual queries (2002)
0.02
0.016317615 = product of:
0.03263523 = sum of:
0.03263523 = product of:
0.048952844 = sum of:
0.044797383 = weight(_text_:k in 1851) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.044797383 = score(doc=1851,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16225883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.27608594 = fieldWeight in 1851, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1851)
0.00415546 = weight(_text_:s in 1851) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.00415546 = score(doc=1851,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.08408674 = fieldWeight in 1851, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1851)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 29(2002) nos.3/4, S.156-170
-
Airio, E.; Kettunen, K.: Does dictionary based bilingual retrieval work in a non-normalized index? (2009)
0.02
0.015454079 = product of:
0.030908158 = sum of:
0.030908158 = product of:
0.046362236 = sum of:
0.038397755 = weight(_text_:k in 4224) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.038397755 = score(doc=4224,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16225883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.23664509 = fieldWeight in 4224, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4224)
0.007964479 = weight(_text_:s in 4224) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.007964479 = score(doc=4224,freq=10.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.16116315 = fieldWeight in 4224, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4224)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Many operational IR indexes are non-normalized, i.e. no lemmatization or stemming techniques, etc. have been employed in indexing. This poses a challenge for dictionary-based cross-language retrieval (CLIR), because translations are mostly lemmas. In this study, we face the challenge of dictionary-based CLIR in a non-normalized index. We test two optional approaches: FCG (Frequent Case Generation) and s-gramming. The idea of FCG is to automatically generate the most frequent inflected forms for a given lemma. FCG has been tested in monolingual retrieval and has been shown to be a good method for inflected retrieval, especially for highly inflected languages. S-gramming is an approximate string matching technique (an extension of n-gramming). The language pairs in our tests were English-Finnish, English-Swedish, Swedish-Finnish and Finnish-Swedish. Both our approaches performed quite well, but the results varied depending on the language pair. S-gramming and FCG performed quite equally in all the other language pairs except Finnish-Swedish, where s-gramming outperformed FCG.
- Source
- Information processing and management. 45(2009) no.6, S.703-713
-
Bian, G.-W.; Chen, H.-H.: Cross-language information access to multilingual collections on the Internet (2000)
0.01
0.013503913 = product of:
0.027007826 = sum of:
0.027007826 = product of:
0.04051174 = sum of:
0.003561823 = weight(_text_:s in 4436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.003561823 = score(doc=4436,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 4436, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4436)
0.036949914 = weight(_text_:22 in 4436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036949914 = score(doc=4436,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15917034 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 4436, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4436)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 16. 2.2000 14:22:39
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.3, S.281-296
-
Kishida, K.: Term disambiguation techniques based on target document collection for cross-language information retrieval : an empirical comparison of performance between techniques (2007)
0.01
0.011655438 = product of:
0.023310876 = sum of:
0.023310876 = product of:
0.034966312 = sum of:
0.031998128 = weight(_text_:k in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.031998128 = score(doc=897,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16225883 = queryWeight, product of:
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.19720423 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.569778 = idf(docFreq=3384, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
0.0029681858 = weight(_text_:s in 897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0029681858 = score(doc=897,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.060061958 = fieldWeight in 897, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=897)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 43(2007) no.1, S.103-120
-
Sprachtechnologie für die multilinguale Kommunikation : Textproduktion, Recherche, Übersetzung, Lokalisierung. Beiträge der GLDV-Frühjahrstagung 2003 (2003)
0.00
0.0016790595 = product of:
0.003358119 = sum of:
0.003358119 = product of:
0.010074357 = sum of:
0.010074357 = weight(_text_:s in 4042) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010074357 = score(doc=4042,freq=4.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.20385705 = fieldWeight in 4042, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4042)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- 478 S
- Type
- s
-
Rettinger, A.; Schumilin, A.; Thoma, S.; Ell, B.: Learning a cross-lingual semantic representation of relations expressed in text (2015)
0.00
0.0013992162 = product of:
0.0027984325 = sum of:
0.0027984325 = product of:
0.008395297 = sum of:
0.008395297 = weight(_text_:s in 2027) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.008395297 = score(doc=2027,freq=4.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.16988087 = fieldWeight in 2027, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2027)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.337-352
-
Gonzalo, J.; Verdejo, F.; Peters, C.; Calzolari, N.: Applying EuroWordNet to cross-language text retrieval (1998)
0.00
0.0013851533 = product of:
0.0027703065 = sum of:
0.0027703065 = product of:
0.00831092 = sum of:
0.00831092 = weight(_text_:s in 6445) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.00831092 = score(doc=6445,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.16817348 = fieldWeight in 6445, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=6445)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Computers and the humanities. 32(1998) no.1, S.185-207
-
Peters, W.; Vossen, P.; Diez-Orzas, P.; Adriaens, G.: Cross-linguistic alignment of WordNets with an inter-lingual-index (1998)
0.00
0.0011872743 = product of:
0.0023745487 = sum of:
0.0023745487 = product of:
0.007123646 = sum of:
0.007123646 = weight(_text_:s in 6446) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.007123646 = score(doc=6446,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.14414869 = fieldWeight in 6446, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6446)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Computers and the humanities. 32(1998) no.1, S.221-251
-
Kim, S.; Ko, Y.; Oard, D.W.: Combining lexical and statistical translation evidence for cross-language information retrieval (2015)
0.00
8.3952973E-4 = product of:
0.0016790595 = sum of:
0.0016790595 = product of:
0.0050371783 = sum of:
0.0050371783 = weight(_text_:s in 1606) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0050371783 = score(doc=1606,freq=4.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.101928525 = fieldWeight in 1606, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1606)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.1, S.23-39
-
Senez, D.: Developments in Systran (1995)
0.00
7.915163E-4 = product of:
0.0015830325 = sum of:
0.0015830325 = product of:
0.0047490974 = sum of:
0.0047490974 = weight(_text_:s in 8546) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0047490974 = score(doc=8546,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 8546, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=8546)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Aslib proceedings. 47(1995) no.4, S.99-107
-
Gopestake, A.: Acquisition of lexical translation relations from MRDS (1994/95)
0.00
7.915163E-4 = product of:
0.0015830325 = sum of:
0.0015830325 = product of:
0.0047490974 = sum of:
0.0047490974 = weight(_text_:s in 4073) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0047490974 = score(doc=4073,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 4073, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4073)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Machine translation. 9(1994/95) nos.3/4, S.183-219
-
He, S.: Translingual alteration of conceptual information in medical translation : a crosslanguage analysis between English and chinese (2000)
0.00
6.996081E-4 = product of:
0.0013992162 = sum of:
0.0013992162 = product of:
0.0041976487 = sum of:
0.0041976487 = weight(_text_:s in 5162) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0041976487 = score(doc=5162,freq=4.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.08494043 = fieldWeight in 5162, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5162)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.11, S.1047-1060
-
Li, Q.; Chen, Y.P.; Myaeng, S.-H.; Jin, Y.; Kang, B.-Y.: Concept unification of terms in different languages via web mining for Information Retrieval (2009)
0.00
6.996081E-4 = product of:
0.0013992162 = sum of:
0.0013992162 = product of:
0.0041976487 = sum of:
0.0041976487 = weight(_text_:s in 4215) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0041976487 = score(doc=4215,freq=4.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.08494043 = fieldWeight in 4215, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4215)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 45(2009) no.2, S.246-262
-
Tartakovski, O.; Shramko, M.: Implementierung eines Werkzeugs zur Sprachidentifikation in mono- und multilingualen Texten (2006)
0.00
6.9257664E-4 = product of:
0.0013851533 = sum of:
0.0013851533 = product of:
0.00415546 = sum of:
0.00415546 = weight(_text_:s in 5978) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.00415546 = score(doc=5978,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.08408674 = fieldWeight in 5978, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5978)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.171-182
-
Lonsdale, D.; Mitamura, T.; Nyberg, E.: Acquisition of large lexicons for practical knowledge-based MT (1994/95)
0.00
5.936372E-4 = product of:
0.0011872743 = sum of:
0.0011872743 = product of:
0.003561823 = sum of:
0.003561823 = weight(_text_:s in 7409) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.003561823 = score(doc=7409,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 7409, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=7409)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Machine translation. 9(1994/95) nos.3/4, S.251-283
-
Carter-Sigglow, J.: ¬Die Rolle der Sprache bei der Informationsvermittlung (2001)
0.00
5.936372E-4 = product of:
0.0011872743 = sum of:
0.0011872743 = product of:
0.003561823 = sum of:
0.003561823 = weight(_text_:s in 5882) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.003561823 = score(doc=5882,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 5882, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5882)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.119-129
-
Mustafa el Hadi, W.: Dynamics of the linguistic paradigm in information retrieval (2000)
0.00
5.936372E-4 = product of:
0.0011872743 = sum of:
0.0011872743 = product of:
0.003561823 = sum of:
0.003561823 = weight(_text_:s in 151) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.003561823 = score(doc=151,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 151, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=151)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.124-
-
Jensen, N.: Evaluierung von mehrsprachigem Web-Retrieval : Experimente mit dem EuroGOV-Korpus im Rahmen des Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) (2006)
0.00
5.936372E-4 = product of:
0.0011872743 = sum of:
0.0011872743 = product of:
0.003561823 = sum of:
0.003561823 = weight(_text_:s in 5964) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.003561823 = score(doc=5964,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 5964, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5964)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.235-244
-
Strötgen, R.; Mandl, T.; Schneider, R.: Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines Question Answering Systems im Rahmen des Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) (2006)
0.00
5.936372E-4 = product of:
0.0011872743 = sum of:
0.0011872743 = product of:
0.003561823 = sum of:
0.003561823 = weight(_text_:s in 5981) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.003561823 = score(doc=5981,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 5981, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5981)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.223-234
-
Pollitt, A.S.; Ellis, G.: Multilingual access to document databases (1993)
0.00
5.936372E-4 = product of:
0.0011872743 = sum of:
0.0011872743 = product of:
0.003561823 = sum of:
0.003561823 = weight(_text_:s in 1302) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.003561823 = score(doc=1302,freq=2.0), product of:
0.049418733 = queryWeight, product of:
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.04545348 = queryNorm
0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 1302, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1302)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Pages
- S.1-13
